Compare Indium vs Holmium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Indium and Holmium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Indium and Holmium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Indium vs Holmium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare In vs Ho on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Indium and Holmium.
Indium and Holmium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Indium (In) and Holmium (Ho), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 49 | 67 |
| Atomic Symbol | In | Ho |
| Atomic Weight | 114.818 | 164.93032 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Metallic Classification | Post Transition Metal | Lanthanide |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 13 | Lanthanide (no group number) |
| Group Name | boron family | |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 6 |
| Block in Periodic Table | p -block | f -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 |
| Melting Point | 429.75 K | 1747 K |
| Boiling Point | 2345 K | 2973 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-74-6 | CAS7440-60-0 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Indium | Neighborhood Elements of Holmium |
History
| Parameter | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Indium was discovered by F. Reich and T. Richter in year 1863 in Germany. Indium derived its name from indigo. | The element Holmium was discovered by J.-L. Soret in year 1878 in Switzerland. Holmium derived its name from Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm. |
| Discovery | F. Reich and T. Richter (1863) | J.-L. Soret (1878) |
| Isolated | T. Richter (1867) | T. Cleve (1879) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.3 / 0.003 | 0.5 / 0.004 |
| Abundance in Sun | 4 / 0.04 | - / - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 45 / 10 | 60 / 7 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 160 / 30 | 1200 / 150 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.0001 / 0.000005 | 0.00022 / 0.000008 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 15.707 cm3/mol | 18.753 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 156 pm | 226 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 144 pm | - |
| Van der Waals Radius | 193 pm | - |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 325.23, 325.23, 494.61 pm | 357.73, 357.73, 561.58 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Space Group Name | I4/mmm | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 139 | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Centered Tetragonal  | Simple Hexagonal  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 49 | 67 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 49 | 67 |
| Number of Protons | 49 | 67 |
| Mass Number | 114.818 | 164.93032 |
| Number of Neutrons | 66 | 98 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 5s2 5p1 | 4f11 6s2 |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2P1/2 | 4I15/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Indium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Holmium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 113In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In | 140Ho, 141Ho, 142Ho, 143Ho, 144Ho, 145Ho, 146Ho, 147Ho, 148Ho, 149Ho, 150Ho, 151Ho, 152Ho, 153Ho, 154Ho, 155Ho, 156Ho, 157Ho, 158Ho, 159Ho, 160Ho, 161Ho, 162Ho, 163Ho, 164Ho, 165Ho, 166Ho, 167Ho, 168Ho, 169Ho, 170Ho, 171Ho, 172Ho, 173Ho, 174Ho, 175Ho |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 113In | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 165Ho |
| Neutron Cross Section | 194 | 65 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.06 | 0.015 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 3 | 3 |
| Electronegativity | 1.78 Pauling Scale | 1.23 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Electron Affinity | 28.9 kJ/mol | 50 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 558.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 1820.7 kJ/mol 3rd: 2704 kJ/mol 4th: 5210 kJ/mol | 1st: 581 kJ/mol 2nd: 1140 kJ/mol 3rd: 2204 kJ/mol 4th: 4100 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Indium (7.31 g/cm³) is less dense than Holmium (8.795 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Holmium will be heavier than the same volume of Indium. Holmium is about 20.3 denser than Indium
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Density | 7.31 g/cm3 | 8.795 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 7.02 g/cm3 | 8.34 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 15.707 cm3/mol | 18.753 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 11 | 65 |
| Shear Modulus | - | 26 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | - | 40 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | - | 0.23 |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 1.2 MPa | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | 481 MPa |
| Brinell Hardness | 8.83 MPa | 746 MPa |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 82 W/(m K) | 16 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000321 /K | 0.0000112 /K |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 12000000 S/m | 1100000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 8e-8 m Ω | 9.4e-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | 3.41 | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Paramagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | 20 K |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.4e-9 m3/kg | 0.00000549 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.61e-10 m3/mol | 9.05467e-7 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000102 | 0.0482845 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 1215 m/s | 2760 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 429.75 K | 1747 K |
| Boiling Point | 2345 K | 2973 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | 3.41 | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 3.26 kJ/mol | 17 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 230 kJ/mol | 265 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Indium | Holmium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-74-6 | CAS7440-60-0 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSNL1050000 | - |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.1 | 4.1 |
| DOT Numbers | 3089 | 3089 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Indium and Holmium With Other Elements
Compare Indium and Holmium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howIndium and Holmium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.