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Fr Francium
Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends, Uses, Comparison with other elements

87
Fr
Francium
Element 87 of Periodic table is Francium with atomic number 87, atomic weight 223. Francium, symbol Fr, has a Body Centered Cubic structure and Silver color. Francium is a Alkali Metal element. It is part of group 1 (lithium family). Know everything about Francium Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.
87 Fr - Francium | SchoolMyKids

Francium is a chemical element with symbol Fr and atomic number 87. It used to be known as eka-caesium and actinium K. It is the second-least electronegative element, behind only caesium. Francium is a highly radioactive metal that decays into astatine, radium, and radon.

It belongs to group 1 of the periodic table having trivial name alkali metals*. You can also download Printable Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards for Francium in a PDF format.

Francium Facts

Read key information and facts about element Francium

NameFrancium
Atomic Number87
Atomic SymbolFr
Atomic Weight223
PhaseSolid
ColorSilver
Appearance-
ClassificationAlkali Metal
Natural OccuranceFrom decay
Group in Periodic Table1
Group Namelithium family
Period in Periodic Tableperiod 7
Block in Periodic Tables-block
Electronic Configuration[Rn] 7s1
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1
Melting Point281 K
Boiling Point-
CAS NumberCAS7440-73-5
Neighborhood Elements
123456789101112131415161718
1
1
H
Hydrogen
1.008

Atomic #

Electronic Shell #

Symbol
Name
Atomic Weight
HGas
HgLiquid
CSolid
Metals
Metalloids
NonMetals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Lanthanoids
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Other nonmetals
Halogens
Nobel gas
Actinoids
2
He
Helium
4.003
2
3
Li
Lithium
6.941
4
Be
Beryllium
9.012
5
B
Boron
10.811
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
8
O
Oxygen
15.999
9
F
Fluorine
18.998
10
Ne
Neon
20.180
3
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
13
Al
Aluminium
26.982
14
Si
Silicon
28.085
15
P
Phosphorus
30.974
16
S
Sulfur
32.065
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
4
19
K
Potassium
39.098
20
Ca
Calcium
40.078
21
Sc
Scandium
44.956
22
Ti
Titanium
47.867
23
V
Vanadium
50.941
24
Cr
Chromium
51.996
25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933
28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.409
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germanium
72.640
33
As
Arsenic
74.922
34
Se
Selenium
78.960
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
36
Kr
Krypton
83.798
5
37
Rb
Rubidium
85.468
38
Sr
Strontium
87.620
39
Y
Yttrium
88.906
40
Zr
Zirconium
91.224
41
Nb
Niobium
92.906
42
Mo
Molybdenum
95.940
43
Tc
Technetium
98
44
Ru
Ruthenium
101.070
45
Rh
Rhodium
102.906
46
Pd
Palladium
106.420
47
Ag
Silver
107.868
48
Cd
Cadmium
112.411
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
Antimony
121.760
52
Te
Tellurium
127.600
53
I
Iodine
126.904
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
6
55
Cs
Cesium
132.905
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
57 - 71
La - Lu
Lanthanides
72
Hf
Hafnium
178.490
73
Ta
Tantalum
180.948
74
W
Tungsten
183.840
75
Re
Rhenium
186.207
76
Os
Osmium
190.230
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
Platinum
195.078
79
Au
Gold
196.967
80
Hg
Mercury
200.590
81
Tl
Thallium
204.383
82
Pb
Lead
207.200
83
Bi
Bismuth
208.980
84
Po
Polonium
209
85
At
Astatine
210
86
Rn
Radon
222
7
87
Fr
Francium
223
88
Ra
Radium
226
89 - 103
Ac - Lr
Actinides
104
Rf
Rutherfordium
261
105
Db
Dubnium
262
106
Sg
Seaborgium
266
107
Bh
Bohrium
264
108
Hs
Hassium
269
109
Mt
Meitnerium
268
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
281
111
Rg
Roentgenium
272
112
Cn
Copernicium
285
113
Nh
Nihonium
284
114
Fl
Flerovium
289
115
Mc
Moscovium
288
116
Lv
Livermorium
292
117
Ts
Tennessine
294
118
Og
Oganesson
294
Lanthanides
57
La
Lanthanum
138.905
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.908
60
Nd
Neodymium
144.240
61
Pm
Promethium
145
62
Sm
Samarium
150.360
63
Eu
Europium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.250
65
Tb
Terbium
158.925
66
Dy
Dysprosium
162.500
67
Ho
Holmium
164.930
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.934
70
Yb
Ytterbium
173.040
71
Lu
Lutetium
174.967
Actinides
89
Ac
Actinium
227
90
Th
Thorium
232.038
91
Pa
Protactinium
231.036
92
U
Uranium
238.029
93
Np
Neptunium
237
94
Pu
Plutonium
244
95
Am
Americium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkelium
247
98
Cf
Californium
251
99
Es
Einsteinium
252
100
Fm
Fermium
257
101
Md
Mendelevium
258
102
No
Nobelium
259
103
Lr
Lawrencium
262

How to Locate Francium on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 87 to find Francium on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Francium on periodic table look for cross section of group 1 and period 7 in the modern periodic table.

Francium History

The element Francium was discovered by M. Perey in year 1939 in France. Francium was first isolated by in . Francium derived its name from Francia, the New Latin name for France.

Discovered By M. Perey
Discovery Date 1939 in France
First Isolation
Isolated by

Perey discovered it as a decay product of 227Ac. Francium was the last element to be discovered in nature, rather than synthesized in the lab, although four of the "synthetic" elements that were discovered later (plutonium, neptunium, astatine, and promethium) were eventually found in trace amounts in nature as well.

Francium Uses

The most stable isotope of francium, francium-223, has a half-life of 22 minutes. Due to its short lifespan, this element has no commercial uses.

Francium Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Francium in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

 ppb by weight (1ppb =10^-7 %)ppb by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Abundance in Universe--
Abundance in Sun--
Abundance in Meteorites--
Abundance in Earth's Crust--
Abundance in Oceans--
Abundance in Humans--

Crystal Structure of Francium

The solid state structure of Francium is Body Centered Cubic.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

abc

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

alphabetagamma

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group Name-
Space Group Number-
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic
Number of atoms per unit cell2
87 Fr Francium - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

The number of atoms per unit cell in a simple cubic, face-centered cubic and body-centred cubic are 1,4,2 respectively.

Francium Atomic and Orbital Properties

Francium atoms have 87 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 2S1/2.

Atomic Number87
Number of Electrons (with no charge)87
Number of Protons87
Mass Number223
Number of Neutrons136
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1
Electron Configuration[Rn] 7s1
Valence Electrons7s1
Valence (Valency)1
Main Oxidation States1
Oxidation States1
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)2S1/2

Bohr Atomic Model of Francium - Electrons per energy level

87 Fr Francium Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids
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Ground State Electronic Configuration of Francium - neutral Francium atom

Abbreviated electronic configuration of Francium

The ground state abbreviated electronic configuration of Neutral Francium atom is [Rn] 7s1. The portion of Francium configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Rn]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used. This is important as it is the Valence electrons 7s1, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Francium

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Francium atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s1

Electrons are filled in atomic orbitals as per the order determined by the Aufbau principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s Rule.

  • As per the Aufbau principle the electrons will occupy the orbitals having lower energies before occupying higher energy orbitals. According to this principle, electrons are filled in the following order: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p…
  • The Pauli exclusion principle states that a maximum of two electrons, each having opposite spins, can fit in an orbital.
  • Hund's rule states that every orbital in a given subshell is singly occupied by electrons before a second electron is filled in an orbital.
  • Electron configuration of Francium
    Atomic Structure of Francium

    Francium atomic radius is -, while it's covalent radius is -.

    Atomic Radius Calculated

    -

    Atomic Radius Empirical

    -

    Atomic Volume-
    Covalent Radius-
    Van der Waals Radius348 pm
    Neutron Cross Section-
    Neutron Mass Absorption -

    Spectral Lines of Francium - Atomic Spectrum of Francium

    A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from an excess or deficiency of photons in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules.

    Spectral lines are the result of interaction between a quantum system and a single photon. A spectral line may be observed either as an emission line or an absorption line.

    Spectral lines are highly atom-specific, and can be used to identify the chemical composition of any medium. Several elements, including helium, thallium, and caesium, were discovered by spectroscopic means. They are widely used to determine the physical conditions of stars and other celestial bodies that cannot be analyzed by other means.

    Emission spectrum of Francium

    Emission spectrum of Francium is not available

    Absorption spectrum of Francium

    Absorption spectrum of Francium is not available

    Francium Chemical Properties: Francium Ionization Energies and electron affinity

    The electron affinity of Francium is -.

    Valence1
    Electronegativity0.79
    ElectronAffinity-

    Ionization Energy of Francium

    Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.in chemistry, this energy is expresed in kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol) or kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).

    Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Francium

    Ionization energy numberEnthalpy - kJ/mol
    1st380

    Francium Physical Properties

    Refer to below table for Francium Physical Properties

    Density-
    Molar Volume-

    Elastic Properties

    Young Modulus-
    Shear Modulus-
    Bulk Modulus -
    Poisson Ratio-

    Hardness of Francium - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

    Mohs Hardness-
    Vickers Hardness-
    Brinell Hardness-

    Francium Electrical Properties

    Electrical resistivity measures element's electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current.The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm-metre (Ω⋅m). While Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity. It represents a element's ability to conduct electric current. The SI unit of electrical conductivity is siemens per metre (S/m).

    Francium is a -. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Francium

    Electrical conductors -
    Electrical Conductivity-
    Resistivity-
    Superconducting Point-

    Francium Heat and Conduction Properties

    Thermal Conductivity-
    Thermal Expansion-

    Francium Magnetic Properties

    Magnetic Type-
    Curie Point-
    Mass Magnetic Susceptibility-
    Molar Magnetic Susceptibility-
    Volume Magnetic Susceptibility-

    Optical Properties of Francium

    Refractive Index-

    Acoustic Properties of Francium

    Speed of Sound-

    Francium Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

    Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Francium

    Melting Point281 K(7.85 °C, 46.130 °F)
    Boiling Point-
    Critical Temperature-
    Superconducting Point-

    Enthalpies of Francium

    Heat of Fusion2 kJ/mol
    Heat of Vaporization65 kJ/mol
    Heat of Combustion-

    Francium Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Francium

    Francium has 34 isotopes, with between 199 and 232 nucleons. Francium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

    Isotopes of Francium - Naturally occurring stable Isotopes: -.

    IsotopeZNIsotope Mass% AbundanceT halfDecay Mode
    199Fr87112199Synthetic
    200Fr87113200Synthetic
    201Fr87114201Synthetic
    202Fr87115202Synthetic
    203Fr87116203Synthetic
    204Fr87117204Synthetic
    205Fr87118205Synthetic
    206Fr87119206Synthetic
    207Fr87120207Synthetic
    208Fr87121208Synthetic
    209Fr87122209Synthetic
    210Fr87123210Synthetic
    211Fr87124211Synthetic
    212Fr87125212Synthetic
    213Fr87126213Synthetic
    214Fr87127214Synthetic
    215Fr87128215Synthetic
    216Fr87129216Synthetic
    217Fr87130217Synthetic
    218Fr87131218Synthetic
    219Fr87132219Synthetic
    220Fr87133220Synthetic
    221Fr87134221Synthetic
    222Fr87135222Synthetic
    223Fr87136223Synthetic21.7 mBetaDecay
    224Fr87137224Synthetic
    225Fr87138225Synthetic
    226Fr87139226Synthetic
    227Fr87140227Synthetic
    228Fr87141228Synthetic
    229Fr87142229Synthetic
    230Fr87143230Synthetic
    231Fr87144231Synthetic
    232Fr87145232Synthetic

    Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

    The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) identifies hazard class of all dangerous elements/goods/commodities either by its class (or division) number or name. The DOT has divided these materials into nine different categories, known as Hazard Classes.

    NFPA 704 is a Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response. NFPA is a standard maintained by the US based National Fire Protection Association.

    The health (blue), flammability (red), and reactivity (yellow) rating all use a numbering scale ranging from 0 to 4. A value of zero means that the element poses no hazard; a rating of four indicates extreme danger.

    Autoignition Point-
    Flashpoint-

    Database Search

    List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases

    DatabaseIdentifier number
    CAS Number - Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)CAS7440-73-5
    RTECS Number-
    CID Number -
    Gmelin Number-
    NSC Number-

    FAQs

    What is the electronic configuration of Francium?

    The electronic configuration of Francium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s1.

    What is the abbreviated electronic configuration of Francium?

    The abbreviated electronic configuration of Francium is [Rn] 7s1. To form abbreviated notation of electronic configuration, the completely filled subshells are replaced by the noble gas of the preceding period in square brackets.

    What is the symbol of Francium?

    Symbol of Francium is Fr. Francium is a chemical element with symbol Fr and atomic number 87.

    What is the position of Francium in the Periodic Table?

    Francium is a chemical element with the symbol Fr and atomic number 87. Francium is the 87 element on the periodic table. It is located in group 1 and period 7 in the modern periodic table.

    What is the atomic number of Francium?

    The atomic number of Francium is 87.

    What is the color of Francium?

    Francium is of Silver color.

    Who discovered Francium?

    The element Francium was discovered by M. Perey in year 1939 in France. Francium was first isolated by undefined in undefined.

    How many valence electrons does a Francium atom have?

    Francium has 1 valence electrons. Francium has 87 electrons out of which 1 valence electrons are present in the 7s1 outer orbitals of atom.

    What is the melting Point of Francium?

    Melting Point of Francium is 281 K.

    What is the boiling Point of Francium?

    Boiling Point of Francium is Unknown.

    What is the melting Point of Francium in Kelvin?

    Melting Point of Francium in Kelvin is 281 K.

    What is the boiling Point of Francium in Kelvin?

    Boiling Point of Francium in Kelvin is Unknown.

    What is the melting Point of Francium in Celsius?

    Melting Point of Francium in Celsius is 7.85 °C.

    What is the boiling Point of Francium in Celsius?

    Boiling Point of Francium in Celsius is Unknown.

    What is the melting Point of Francium in Fahrenheit?

    Melting Point of Francium in Fahrenheit is 46.13 °F.

    What is the boiling Point of Francium in Fahrenheit?

    Boiling Point of Francium in Fahrenheit is Unknown.

    What is the electronic configuration of Francium 87?

    The electronic configuration of Francium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s1.

    How do you write the electron configuration for Francium?

    The electronic configuration of Francium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s1.