Bk Berkelium
Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends, Uses, Comparison with other elements
Berkelium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with symbol Bk and atomic number 97. It is a member of the Actinide and transuranium element series. It is named after the city of Berkeley, California, the location of the University of California Radiation Laboratory where it was discovered in December 1949.
It belongs to group of the periodic table having trivial name .
Berkelium Facts
Read key information and facts about element Berkelium
| Name | Berkelium |
| Atomic Number | 97 |
| Atomic Symbol | Bk |
| Atomic Weight | 247 |
| Phase | Solid |
| Color | - |
| Appearance | silvery |
| Classification | Actinide |
| Group in Periodic Table | - |
| Group Name | |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 7 |
| Block in Periodic Table | f -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Rn] 5f9 7s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 |
| Melting Point | 1323 K |
| Boiling Point | - |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-40-6 |
How to Locate Berkelium on Periodic Table
Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 97 to find Berkelium on periodic table.
Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Berkelium on periodic table look for cross section of group - and period 7 in the modern periodic table.
Berkelium History
The element Berkelium was discovered by G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso and G. T. Seaborg(University of California, Berkeley) in year 1949 in United States. Berkelium was first isolated by in . Berkelium derived its name from Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesized, by analogy with terbium.
Created by bombardment of americium with alpha particles.
Berkelium Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
The table below shows the abundance of Berkelium in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.
| ppb by weight (1ppb =10^-7 %) | ppb by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %) | |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | - | - |
| Abundance in Sun | - | - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | - | - |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | - | - |
| Abundance in Oceans | - | - |
| Abundance in Humans | - | - |
Crystal Structure of Berkelium
The solid state structure of Berkelium is Simple Hexagonal.
The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.
Unit Cell Parameters
The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)
| a | b | c |
|---|---|---|
| 341.6 pm | 341.6 pm | 1106.9 pm |
and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).
| alpha | beta | gamma |
|---|---|---|
| π/2 | π/2 | 2 π/3 |
The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured from a reference lattice point.
The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal |
| Number of atoms per unit cell |
The number of atoms per unit cell in a simple cubic, face-centered cubic and body-centred cubic are 1,4,2 respectively.
Berkelium Atomic and Orbital Properties
Berkelium atoms have 97 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 6H15/2.
| Atomic Number | 97 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 97 |
| Number of Protons | 97 |
| Mass Number | 247 |
| Number of Neutrons | 150 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Rn] 5f9 7s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 5f9 7s2 |
| Valence (Valency) | 4 |
| Main Oxidation States | 3 |
| Oxidation States | 2, 3, 4, 5 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 6H15/2 |
Bohr Atomic Model of Berkelium - Electrons per energy level
| n | s | p | d | f |
|---|
Ground State Electronic Configuration of Berkelium - neutral Berkelium atom
Abbreviated electronic configuration of Berkelium
The ground state abbreviated electronic configuration of Neutral Berkelium atom is [Rn] 5f9 7s2. The portion of Berkelium configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Rn]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used. This is important as it is the Valence electrons 5f9 7s2, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.
Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Berkelium
Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Berkelium atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f9 7s2
Electrons are filled in atomic orbitals as per the order determined by the Aufbau principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s Rule.
Atomic Structure of Berkelium
Berkelium atomic radius is - , while it's covalent radius is - .
| Atomic Radius Calculated | - (0 Å) |
| Atomic Radius Empirical | - (0 Å) |
| Atomic Volume | 16.84 cm3/mol |
| Covalent Radius | - |
| Van der Waals Radius | - |
| Neutron Cross Section | 710 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | - |
Atomic Spectrum of Berkelium
Berkelium Chemical Properties: Berkelium Ionization Energies and electron affinity
The electron affinity of Berkelium is - .
| Valence | 4 |
| Electronegativity | 1.3 |
| ElectronAffinity | - |
Ionization Energy of Berkelium
Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Berkelium
| Ionization energy number | Enthalpy - kJ/mol |
|---|---|
| 1st | 601 |
Berkelium Physical Properties
Refer to below table for Berkelium Physical Properties
| Density | 14.78 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 16.84 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties
| Young Modulus | - |
| Shear Modulus | - |
| Bulk Modulus | - |
| Poisson Ratio | - |
Hardness of Berkelium - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element
| Mohs Hardness | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - |
| Brinell Hardness | - |
Berkelium Electrical Properties
Berkelium is Conductor of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties ofBerkelium
| Electrical Conductivity | - |
| Resistivity | - |
| Superconducting Point | - |
Berkelium Heat and Conduction Properties
| Thermal Conductivity | 10 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - |
Berkelium Magnetic Properties
| Magnetic Type | - |
| Curie Point | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | - |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | - |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | - |
Optical Properties of Berkelium
| Refractive Index | - |
Acoustic Properties of Berkelium
| Speed of Sound | - |
Berkelium Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Berkelium
| Melting Point | 1323 K (1049.85°C, 1921.73 °F) |
| Boiling Point | - (-273.15°C, -459.66999999999996 °F) |
| Critical Temperature | - |
| Superconducting Point | - |
Enthalpies of Berkelium
| Heat of Fusion | - |
| Heat of Vaporization | - |
| Heat of Combustion | - |
Berkelium Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Berkelium
Berkelium has 20 isotopes, with between 235 and 254 nucleons. Berkelium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
Isotopes of Berkelium - Naturally occurring stable Isotopes: -.
| Isotope | Z | N | Isotope Mass | % Abundance | T half | Decay Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 235Bk | 97 | 138 | 235 | Synthetic | ||
| 236Bk | 97 | 139 | 236 | Synthetic | ||
| 237Bk | 97 | 140 | 237 | Synthetic | ||
| 238Bk | 97 | 141 | 238 | Synthetic | ||
| 239Bk | 97 | 142 | 239 | Synthetic | ||
| 240Bk | 97 | 143 | 240 | Synthetic | ||
| 241Bk | 97 | 144 | 241 | Synthetic | ||
| 242Bk | 97 | 145 | 242 | Synthetic | ||
| 243Bk | 97 | 146 | 243 | Synthetic | ||
| 244Bk | 97 | 147 | 244 | Synthetic | ||
| 245Bk | 97 | 148 | 245 | Synthetic | ||
| 246Bk | 97 | 149 | 246 | Synthetic | ||
| 247Bk | 97 | 150 | 247 | Synthetic | 1379 years | AlphaEmission |
| 248Bk | 97 | 151 | 248 | Synthetic | ||
| 249Bk | 97 | 152 | 249 | Synthetic | ||
| 250Bk | 97 | 153 | 250 | Synthetic | ||
| 251Bk | 97 | 154 | 251 | Synthetic | ||
| 252Bk | 97 | 155 | 252 | Synthetic | ||
| 253Bk | 97 | 156 | 253 | Synthetic | ||
| 254Bk | 97 | 157 | 254 | Synthetic |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| DOT Hazard Class | - |
| DOT Numbers | - |
| EU Number | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | {N/A, N/A} |
| NFPA Hazards | N/ A, N/ A |
| NFPA Health Rating | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | {N/A, N/A} |
| Autoignition Point | - |
| Flashpoint | - |
Database Search
List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases
| Database | Identifier number |
|---|---|
| CAS Number - Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) | CAS7440-40-6 |
| RTECS Number | - |
| CID Number | {CID23971, CID23971} |
| Gmelin Number | - |
| NSC Number | - |
Compare Berkelium with other elements
Compare Berkelium with all Group elements
Compare Berkelium with all Period 7 elements
Compare Berkelium with all Actinide elements
FAQs
What is the electronic configuration of Berkelium?
The electronic configuration of Berkelium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f9 7s2.
What is the abbreviated electronic configuration of Berkelium?
The abbreviated electronic configuration of Berkelium is [Rn] 5f9 7s2. To form abbreviated notation of electronic configuration, the completely filled subshells are replaced by the noble gas of the preceding period in square brackets.
What is the symbol of Berkelium?
Symbol of Berkelium is Bk. Berkelium is a chemical element with symbol Bk and atomic number 97.
What is the position of Berkelium in the Periodic Table?
Berkelium is a chemical element with the symbol Bk and atomic number 97. Berkelium is the 97 element on the periodic table. It is located in group null and period 7 in the modern periodic table.
What is the atomic number of Berkelium?
The atomic number of Berkelium is 97.
What is the color of Berkelium?
Berkelium is of color.
Who discovered Berkelium?
The element Berkelium was discovered by G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso and G. T. Seaborg(University of California, Berkeley) in year 1949 in United States. Berkelium was first isolated by undefined in undefined.
How many valence electrons does a Berkelium atom have?
Berkelium has 4 valence electrons. Berkelium has 97 electrons out of which 4 valence electrons are present in the 5f9 7s2 outer orbitals of atom.
What is the melting Point of Berkelium?
Melting Point of Berkelium is 1323 K.
What is the boiling Point of Berkelium?
Boiling Point of Berkelium is null K.
What is the melting Point of Berkelium in Kelvin?
Melting Point of Berkelium in Kelvin is 1323 K.
What is the boiling Point of Berkelium in Kelvin?
Boiling Point of Berkelium in Kelvin is null K.
What is the electronic configuration of Berkelium 97?
The electronic configuration of Berkelium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f9 7s2.
How do you write the electron configuration for Berkelium?
The electronic configuration of Berkelium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f9 7s2.