Compare Holmium vs Berkelium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Holmium and Berkelium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Holmium and Berkelium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Holmium vs Berkelium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Ho vs Bk on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Holmium and Berkelium.
Holmium and Berkelium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Holmium (Ho) and Berkelium (Bk), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 67 | 97 |
| Atomic Symbol | Ho | Bk |
| Atomic Weight | 164.93032 | 247 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | - |
| Metallic Classification | Lanthanide | Actinide |
| Group in Periodic Table | Lanthanide (no group number) | Actinide (no group number) |
| Group Name | ||
| Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 7 |
| Block in Periodic Table | f -block | f -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 | [Rn] 5f9 7s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 |
| Melting Point | 1747 K | 1323 K |
| Boiling Point | 2973 K | - |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-60-0 | CAS7440-40-6 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Holmium | Neighborhood Elements of Berkelium |
History
| Parameter | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Holmium was discovered by J.-L. Soret in year 1878 in Switzerland. Holmium derived its name from Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm. | The element Berkelium was discovered by G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso and G. T. Seaborg(University of California, Berkeley) in year 1949 in United States. Berkelium derived its name from Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesized, by analogy with terbium. |
| Discovery | J.-L. Soret (1878) | G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso and G. T. Seaborg(University of California, Berkeley) (1949) |
| Isolated | T. Cleve (1879) | () |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.5 / 0.004 | - / - |
| Abundance in Sun | - / - | - / - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 60 / 7 | - / - |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1200 / 150 | - / - |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.00022 / 0.000008 | - / - |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 18.753 cm3/mol | 16.84 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 226 pm | - |
| Covalent Radius | - | - |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | - |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 357.73, 357.73, 561.58 pm | 341.6, 341.6, 1106.9 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 194 | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal  | Simple Hexagonal |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 67 | 97 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 67 | 97 |
| Number of Protons | 67 | 97 |
| Mass Number | 164.93032 | 247 |
| Number of Neutrons | 98 | 150 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 | [Rn] 5f9 7s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 4f11 6s2 | 5f9 7s2 |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 4I15/2 | 6H15/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Holmium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Berkelium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 140Ho, 141Ho, 142Ho, 143Ho, 144Ho, 145Ho, 146Ho, 147Ho, 148Ho, 149Ho, 150Ho, 151Ho, 152Ho, 153Ho, 154Ho, 155Ho, 156Ho, 157Ho, 158Ho, 159Ho, 160Ho, 161Ho, 162Ho, 163Ho, 164Ho, 165Ho, 166Ho, 167Ho, 168Ho, 169Ho, 170Ho, 171Ho, 172Ho, 173Ho, 174Ho, 175Ho | 235Bk, 236Bk, 237Bk, 238Bk, 239Bk, 240Bk, 241Bk, 242Bk, 243Bk, 244Bk, 245Bk, 246Bk, 247Bk, 248Bk, 249Bk, 250Bk, 251Bk, 252Bk, 253Bk, 254Bk |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 165Ho | |
| Neutron Cross Section | 65 | 710 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.015 | - |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 3 | 4 |
| Electronegativity | 1.23 Pauling Scale | 1.3 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mol | - |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 581 kJ/mol 2nd: 1140 kJ/mol 3rd: 2204 kJ/mol 4th: 4100 kJ/mol | 1st: 601 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Holmium (8.795 g/cm³) is less dense than Berkelium (14.78 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Berkelium will be heavier than the same volume of Holmium. Berkelium is about 68.10000000000001 denser than Holmium
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | - |
| Density | 8.795 g/cm3 | 14.78 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 8.34 g/cm3 | - |
| Molar Volume | 18.753 cm3/mol | 16.84 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 65 | - |
| Shear Modulus | 26 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 40 GPa | - |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.23 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | - | - |
| Vickers Hardness | 481 MPa | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 746 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 16 W/(m K) | 10 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000112 /K | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 1100000 S/m | - |
| Resistivity | 9.4e-7 m Ω | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | - |
| Curie Point | 20 K | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000549 m3/kg | - |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 9.05467e-7 m3/mol | - |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0482845 | - |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2760 m/s | - |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 1747 K | 1323 K |
| Boiling Point | 2973 K | - |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 17 kJ/mol | - |
| Heat of Vaporization | 265 kJ/mol | - |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Holmium | Berkelium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-60-0 | CAS7440-40-6 |
| RTECS Number | - | - |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.1 | - |
| DOT Numbers | 3089 | - |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Holmium and Berkelium With Other Elements
Compare Holmium and Berkelium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howHolmium and Berkelium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.