Compare Osmium vs Barium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Osmium and Barium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Osmium and Barium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Osmium vs Barium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Os vs Ba on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Osmium and Barium.
Osmium and Barium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Osmium (Os) and Barium (Ba), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 76 | 56 |
| Atomic Symbol | Os | Ba |
| Atomic Weight | 190.23 | 137.327 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | SlateGray | Silver |
| Metallic Classification | Transition Metal | Alkaline Earth Metal |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 8 | group 2 |
| Group Name | iron family | beryllium family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 6 |
| Block in Periodic Table | d -block | s -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 | [Xe] 6s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 |
| Melting Point | 3306 K | 1000 K |
| Boiling Point | 5285 K | 2143 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-04-2 | CAS7440-39-3 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Osmium | Neighborhood Elements of Barium |
History
| Parameter | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Osmium was discovered by S. Tennant in year 1803 in United Kingdom. Osmium derived its name from the Greek osmè, meaning 'smell'. | The element Barium was discovered by W. Scheele in year 1772 in United Kingdom. Barium derived its name from the Greek barys, meaning 'heavy'. |
| Discovery | S. Tennant (1803) | W. Scheele (1772) |
| Isolated | S. Tennant (1803) | H. Davy (1808) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 3 / 0.02 | 10 / 0.09 |
| Abundance in Sun | 2 / 0.02 | 10 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 670 / 70 | 2800 / 410 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1.8 / 0.2 | 340000 / 51000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | - / - | 30 / 1.4 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | 300 / 14 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 8.421 cm3/mol | 38.16 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 185 pm | 253 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 128 pm | 198 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | 268 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 273.44, 273.44, 431.73 pm | 502.8, 502.8, 502.8 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc | Im_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 194 | 229 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal  | Body Centered Cubic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 76 | 56 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 76 | 56 |
| Number of Protons | 76 | 56 |
| Mass Number | 190.23 | 137.327 |
| Number of Neutrons | 114 | 81 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 | [Xe] 6s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 5d6 6s2 | 6s2 |
| Oxidation State | 4 | 2 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 5D4 | 1S0 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Osmium has 6 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Barium has 7 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 184Os, 185Os, 186Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 191Os, 192Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os | 114Ba, 115Ba, 116Ba, 117Ba, 118Ba, 119Ba, 120Ba, 121Ba, 122Ba, 123Ba, 124Ba, 125Ba, 126Ba, 127Ba, 128Ba, 129Ba, 130Ba, 131Ba, 132Ba, 133Ba, 134Ba, 135Ba, 136Ba, 137Ba, 138Ba, 139Ba, 140Ba, 141Ba, 142Ba, 143Ba, 144Ba, 145Ba, 146Ba, 147Ba, 148Ba, 149Ba, 150Ba, 151Ba, 152Ba, 153Ba |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192Os | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 130Ba, 132Ba, 134Ba, 135Ba, 136Ba, 137Ba, 138Ba |
| Neutron Cross Section | 15 | 1.3 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0023 | 0.00027 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 6 | 2 |
| Electronegativity | 2.2 Pauling Scale | 0.89 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 4 | 2 |
| Electron Affinity | 106.1 kJ/mol | 13.95 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 840 kJ/mol 2nd: 1600 kJ/mol | 1st: 502.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Barium (3.51 g/cm³) is less dense than Osmium (22.59 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Osmium will be heavier than the same volume of Barium. Osmium is about 543.6 denser than Barium
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | SlateGray | Silver |
| Density | 22.59 g/cm3 | 3.51 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 20 g/cm3 | 3.338 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 8.421 cm3/mol | 38.16 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | - | 13 |
| Shear Modulus | 222 GPa | 4.9 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | - | 9.6 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.25 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 7 MPa | 1.25 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 3920 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 88 W/(m K) | 18 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000051 /K | 0.0000206 /K |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 12000000 S/m | 2900000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 8.1e-8 m Ω | 3.5e-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | 0.66 | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Paramagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 6e-10 m3/kg | 1.13e-8 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 1.1e-10 m3/mol | 1.552e-9 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.000014 | 0.00003966 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 4940 m/s | 1620 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 3306 K | 1000 K |
| Boiling Point | 5285 K | 2143 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | 0.66 | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 31 kJ/mol | 8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 630 kJ/mol | 140 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Osmium | Barium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-04-2 | CAS7440-39-3 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSRN1100000 | RTECSCQ8370000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.1 | 4.3 |
| DOT Numbers | 3089 | 1400 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 4 | 1 |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | 2 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 1 | 2 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | Water Reactive |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Osmium and Barium With Other Elements
Compare Osmium and Barium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howOsmium and Barium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.