Compare Holmium vs Yttrium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Holmium and Yttrium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Holmium and Yttrium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Holmium vs Yttrium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Ho vs Y on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Holmium and Yttrium.
Holmium and Yttrium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Holmium (Ho) and Yttrium (Y), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 67 | 39 |
| Atomic Symbol | Ho | Y |
| Atomic Weight | 164.93032 | 88.90585 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Metallic Classification | Lanthanide | Transition Metal |
| Group in Periodic Table | Lanthanide (no group number) | group 3 |
| Group Name | scandium family | |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 5 |
| Block in Periodic Table | f -block | d -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 | [Kr] 4d1 5s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 |
| Melting Point | 1747 K | 1799 K |
| Boiling Point | 2973 K | 3618 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-60-0 | CAS7440-65-5 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Holmium | Neighborhood Elements of Yttrium |
History
| Parameter | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Holmium was discovered by J.-L. Soret in year 1878 in Switzerland. Holmium derived its name from Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm. | The element Yttrium was discovered by J. Gadolin in year 1794 in Finland. Yttrium derived its name from Ytterby, Sweden. |
| Discovery | J.-L. Soret (1878) | J. Gadolin (1794) |
| Isolated | T. Cleve (1879) | G. Mosander (1842) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.5 / 0.004 | 7 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Sun | - / - | 10 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 60 / 7 | 1900 / 430 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1200 / 150 | 29000 / 6700 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.00022 / 0.000008 | 0.013 / 0.0009 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 18.753 cm3/mol | 19.881 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 226 pm | 212 pm |
| Covalent Radius | - | 162 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | - |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 357.73, 357.73, 561.58 pm | 364.74, 364.74, 573.06 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 194 | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal  | Simple Hexagonal |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 67 | 39 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 67 | 39 |
| Number of Protons | 67 | 39 |
| Mass Number | 164.93032 | 88.90585 |
| Number of Neutrons | 98 | 50 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 | [Kr] 4d1 5s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 4f11 6s2 | 4d1 5s2 |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 4I15/2 | 2D3/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Holmium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Yttrium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 140Ho, 141Ho, 142Ho, 143Ho, 144Ho, 145Ho, 146Ho, 147Ho, 148Ho, 149Ho, 150Ho, 151Ho, 152Ho, 153Ho, 154Ho, 155Ho, 156Ho, 157Ho, 158Ho, 159Ho, 160Ho, 161Ho, 162Ho, 163Ho, 164Ho, 165Ho, 166Ho, 167Ho, 168Ho, 169Ho, 170Ho, 171Ho, 172Ho, 173Ho, 174Ho, 175Ho | 76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 89Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 165Ho | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 89Y |
| Neutron Cross Section | 65 | 1.28 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.015 | 0.0006 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 3 | 3 |
| Electronegativity | 1.23 Pauling Scale | 1.22 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mol | 29.6 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 581 kJ/mol 2nd: 1140 kJ/mol 3rd: 2204 kJ/mol 4th: 4100 kJ/mol | 1st: 600 kJ/mol 2nd: 1180 kJ/mol 3rd: 1980 kJ/mol 4th: 5847 kJ/mol 5th: 7430 kJ/mol 6th: 8970 kJ/mol 7th: 11190 kJ/mol 8th: 12450 kJ/mol 9th: 14110 kJ/mol 10th: 18400 kJ/mol 11th: 19900 kJ/mol 12th: 36090 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Yttrium (4.472 g/cm³) is less dense than Holmium (8.795 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Holmium will be heavier than the same volume of Yttrium. Holmium is about 96.7 denser than Yttrium
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Density | 8.795 g/cm3 | 4.472 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 8.34 g/cm3 | 4.24 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 18.753 cm3/mol | 19.881 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 65 | 64 |
| Shear Modulus | 26 GPa | 26 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | 40 GPa | 41 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.23 | 0.24 |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | - | - |
| Vickers Hardness | 481 MPa | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 746 MPa | 589 MPa |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 16 W/(m K) | 17 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000112 /K | 0.0000106 /K |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 1100000 S/m | 1800000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 9.4e-7 m Ω | 5.59e-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | - | 1.3 |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Paramagnetic |
| Curie Point | 20 K | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000549 m3/kg | 6.66e-8 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 9.05467e-7 m3/mol | 5.921e-9 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0482845 | 0.0002978 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2760 m/s | 3300 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 1747 K | 1799 K |
| Boiling Point | 2973 K | 3618 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | 1.3 |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 17 kJ/mol | 11.4 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 265 kJ/mol | 380 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Holmium | Yttrium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-60-0 | CAS7440-65-5 |
| RTECS Number | - | RTECSZG2980000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.1 | 4.1 |
| DOT Numbers | 3089 | 3089 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | 2 |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Holmium and Yttrium With Other Elements
Compare Holmium and Yttrium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howHolmium and Yttrium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.