Compare Silver vs Sodium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Silver and Sodium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Silver and Sodium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Silver vs Sodium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Ag vs Na on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Silver and Sodium.
Silver and Sodium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Silver (Ag) and Sodium (Na), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 47 | 11 |
| Atomic Symbol | Ag | Na |
| Atomic Weight | 107.8682 | 22.98977 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Metallic Classification | Transition Metal | Alkali Metal |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 11 | group 1 |
| Group Name | copper family | lithium family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 3 |
| Block in Periodic Table | d -block | s -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s1 | [Ne] 3s1 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 | 2, 8, 1 |
| Melting Point | 1234.93 K | 370.87 K |
| Boiling Point | 2435 K | 1156 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-22-4 | CAS7440-23-5 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Silver | Neighborhood Elements of Sodium |
History
| Parameter | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Silver was discovered by in year Before 5000 BCE. Silver derived its name from English word (argentum in Latin). | The element Sodium was discovered by H. Davy in year 1807 in United Kingdom. Sodium derived its name from the English word soda (natrium in Latin). |
| Discovery | (Before 5000 BCE) | H. Davy (1807) |
| Isolated | Asia Minor (ca. 4000 BCE) | H. Davy (1807) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.6 / 0.007 | 20000 / 1000 |
| Abundance in Sun | 1 / 0.01 | 40000 / 2000 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 140 / 20 | 5600000 / 4800000 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 80 / 20 | 23000000 / 21000000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.1 / 0.0057 | 11050000 / 2970000 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | 1400000 / 380000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 10.283 cm3/mol | 23.75 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 165 pm | 190 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 153 pm | 154 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 172 pm | 227 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 408.53, 408.53, 408.53 pm | 429.06, 429.06, 429.06 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | Fm_ 3m | Im_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 225 | 229 |
| Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic  | Body Centered Cubic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 47 | 11 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 47 | 11 |
| Number of Protons | 47 | 11 |
| Mass Number | 107.8682 | 22.98977 |
| Number of Neutrons | 61 | 12 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 | 2, 8, 1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s1 | [Ne] 3s1 |
| Valence Electrons | 4d10 5s1 | 3s1 |
| Oxidation State | 1 | 1 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 | 2S1/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Silver has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Sodium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 93Ag, 94Ag, 95Ag, 96Ag, 97Ag, 98Ag, 99Ag, 100Ag, 101Ag, 102Ag, 103Ag, 104Ag, 105Ag, 106Ag, 107Ag, 108Ag, 109Ag, 110Ag, 111Ag, 112Ag, 113Ag, 114Ag, 115Ag, 116Ag, 117Ag, 118Ag, 119Ag, 120Ag, 121Ag, 122Ag, 123Ag, 124Ag, 125Ag, 126Ag, 127Ag, 128Ag, 129Ag, 130Ag | 18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 23Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 107Ag, 109Ag | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 23Na |
| Neutron Cross Section | 63.6 | 0.53 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.02 | 0.0007 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 1 | 1 |
| Electronegativity | 1.93 Pauling Scale | 0.93 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 1 | 1 |
| Electron Affinity | 125.6 kJ/mol | 52.8 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 731 kJ/mol 2nd: 2070 kJ/mol 3rd: 3361 kJ/mol | 1st: 495.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 4562 kJ/mol 3rd: 6910.3 kJ/mol 4th: 9543 kJ/mol 5th: 13354 kJ/mol 6th: 16613 kJ/mol 7th: 20117 kJ/mol 8th: 25496 kJ/mol 9th: 28932 kJ/mol 10th: 141362 kJ/mol 11th: 159076 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Sodium (0.968 g/cm³) is less dense than Silver (10.49 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Silver will be heavier than the same volume of Sodium. Silver is about 983.6999999999999 denser than Sodium
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Density | 10.49 g/cm3 | 0.968 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 9.32 g/cm3 | 0.927 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 10.283 cm3/mol | 23.75 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 83 | 10 |
| Shear Modulus | 30 GPa | 3.3 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | 100 GPa | 6.3 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.37 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 2.5 MPa | 0.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | 251 MPa | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 24.5 MPa | 0.69 MPa |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 430 W/(m K) | 140 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000189 /K | 0.000071 /K |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 62000000 S/m | 21000000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 1.6e-8 m Ω | 4.7e-8 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Paramagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -2.27e-9 m3/kg | 8.8e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -2.45e-10 m3/mol | 2e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000238 | 0.0000085 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2600 m/s | 3200 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 1234.93 K | 370.87 K |
| Boiling Point | 2435 K | 1156 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | 2573 K |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 11.3 kJ/mol | 2.6 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 255 kJ/mol | 97.7 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Silver | Sodium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-22-4 | CAS7440-23-5 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSVW3500000 | RTECSVY0686000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | - | 4.3 |
| DOT Numbers | - | 1428 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 | 3 |
| NFPA Health Rating | 1 | 3 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | 2 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | Water Reactive |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | 115 °C |
| Flashpoint | - | 4 °C |
Compare Silver and Sodium With Other Elements
Compare Silver and Sodium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howSilver and Sodium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.