Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Rubidium vs Silicon
Compare Rubidium and Silicon
Compare Rubidium and Silicon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Rubidium vs Silicon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Rb vs Si on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more.
Facts
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Atomic Number | 37 | 14 |
Atomic Symbol | Rb | Si |
Atomic Weight | 85.4678 | 28.0855 |
Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
Color | Silver | Gray |
Metallic Classification | Alkali Metal | Metalloid |
Group in Periodic Table | group 1 | group 14 |
Group Name | lithium family | carbon family |
Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 3 |
Block in Periodic Table | s -block | p -block |
Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 5s1 | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 4 |
Melting Point | 312.46 K | 1687 K |
Boiling Point | 961 K | 3173 K |
CAS Number | CAS7440-17-7 | CAS7440-21-3 |
Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Rubidium | Neighborhood Elements of Silicon |
History
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
History | The element Rubidium was discovered by R. Bunsen and G. R. Kirchhoff in year 1861 in Germany. Rubidium derived its name from the Latin rubidus, meaning 'deep red'. | The element Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in year 1823 in Sweden. Silicon derived its name from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium). |
Discovery | R. Bunsen and G. R. Kirchhoff (1861) | J. Berzelius (1823) |
Isolated | Hevesy () | J. Berzelius (1823) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Abundance in Universe | 10 / 0.1 | 700000 / 30000 |
Abundance in Sun | 30 / 0.4 | 900000 / 40000 |
Abundance in Meteorites | 3300 / 770 | 140000000 / 100000000 |
Abundance in Earth's Crust | 60000 / 14000 | 270000000 / 200000000 |
Abundance in Oceans | 120 / 8.7 | 1000 / 220 |
Abundance in Humans | 4600 / 340 | 260000 / 58000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Atomic Volume | 55.788 cm3/mol | 12.054 cm3/mol |
Atomic Radius | 265 pm | 111 pm |
Covalent Radius | 211 pm | 111 pm |
Van der Waals Radius | 303 pm | 210 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
Emission Spectrum | ||
Absorption Spectrum | ||
Lattice Constant | 558.5, 558.5, 558.5 pm | 543.09, 543.09, 543.09 pm |
Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Space Group Name | Im_ 3m | Fd_ 3m |
Space Group Number | 229 | 227 |
Crystal Structure | Body Centered Cubic | Tetrahedral Packing |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Atomic Number | 37 | 14 |
Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 37 | 14 |
Number of Protons | 37 | 14 |
Mass Number | 85.4678 | 28.0855 |
Number of Neutrons | 48 | 14 |
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 4 |
Electron Configuration | [Kr] 5s1 | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
Valence Electrons | 5s1 | 3s2 3p2 |
Oxidation State | 1 | -4, 4 |
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 | 3P0 |
Shell structure |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Rubidium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Silicon has 3 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Known Isotopes | 71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 85Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb | 22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si |
Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 85Rb | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 28Si, 29Si, 30Si |
Neutron Cross Section | 0.38 | 171 |
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0003 | 0.0002 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Valence or Valency | 1 | 4 |
Electronegativity | 0.82 Pauling Scale | 1.9 Pauling Scale |
Electron Affinity | 46.9 kJ/mol | 133.6 kJ/mol |
Ionization Energies | 1st: 403 kJ/mol 2nd: 2633 kJ/mol 3rd: 3860 kJ/mol 4th: 5080 kJ/mol 5th: 6850 kJ/mol 6th: 8140 kJ/mol 7th: 9570 kJ/mol 8th: 13120 kJ/mol 9th: 14500 kJ/mol 10th: 26740 kJ/mol | 1st: 786.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol 4th: 4355.5 kJ/mol 5th: 16091 kJ/mol 6th: 19805 kJ/mol 7th: 23780 kJ/mol 8th: 29287 kJ/mol 9th: 33878 kJ/mol 10th: 38726 kJ/mol 11th: 45962 kJ/mol 12th: 50502 kJ/mol 13th: 235196 kJ/mol 14th: 257923 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Density | 1.532 g/cm3 | 2.33 g/cm3 |
Molar Volume | 55.788 cm3/mol | 12.054 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
Young Modulus | 2.4 | 47 |
Shear Modulus | - | - |
Bulk Modulus | 2.5 GPa | 100 GPa |
Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
Mohs Hardness | 0.3 MPa | 6.5 MPa |
Vickers Hardness | - | - |
Brinell Hardness | 0.216 MPa | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
Electrical Conductivity | 8300000 S/m | 1000 S/m |
Resistivity | 1.2e-7 m Ω | 0.001 m Ω |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
Thermal Conductivity | 58 W/(m K) | 150 W/(m K) |
Thermal Expansion | - | 0.0000026 /K |
Magnetic Properties | ||
Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
Curie Point | - | - |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.6e-9 m3/kg | -1.6e-9 m3/kg |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.22e-10 m3/mol | -4.49e-11 m3/mol |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000398 | -0.00000373 |
Optical Properties | ||
Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
Speed of Sound | 1300 m/s | 2200 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
Melting Point | 312.46 K | 1687 K |
Boiling Point | 961 K | 3173 K |
Critical Temperature | 2093 K | - |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
Heat of Fusion | 2.19 kJ/mol | 50.2 kJ/mol |
Heat of Vaporization | 72 kJ/mol | 359 kJ/mol |
Heat of Combustion | - | -9055 J/(kg K) |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Name | Rubidium | Silicon |
CAS Number | CAS7440-17-7 | CAS7440-21-3 |
RTECS Number | RTECSVL8500000 | RTECSVW0400000 |
DOT Hazard Class | 4.3 | 4.1 |
DOT Numbers | 1423 | 1346 |
EU Number | - | - |
NFPA Fire Rating | 3 | 0 |
NFPA Health Rating | 2 | 1 |
NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | 0 |
NFPA Hazards | Water Reactive | - |
AutoIgnition Point | - | 150 °C |
Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Rubidium with all Group 1 elementsRubidium vs LithiumRubidium vs HydrogenRubidium vs SodiumRubidium vs PotassiumRubidium vs CesiumRubidium vs Francium Compare Rubidium with all Period 5 elementsRubidium vs RhodiumRubidium vs StrontiumRubidium vs YttriumRubidium vs ZirconiumRubidium vs TinRubidium vs NiobiumRubidium vs MolybdenumRubidium vs TechnetiumRubidium vs RutheniumRubidium vs PalladiumRubidium vs SilverRubidium vs CadmiumRubidium vs IndiumRubidium vs AntimonyRubidium vs TelluriumRubidium vs IodineRubidium vs Xenon Compare Rubidium with all Alkali Metal elements | Compare Silicon with all Group 14 elementsCompare Silicon with all Period 3 elementsSilicon vs SodiumSilicon vs MagnesiumSilicon vs AluminiumSilicon vs PhosphorusSilicon vs SulfurSilicon vs ChlorineSilicon vs Argon Compare Silicon with all Metalloid elements |