Compare Protactinium vs Bromine: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Protactinium and Bromine on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Protactinium and Bromine comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Protactinium vs Bromine with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Pa vs Br on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Protactinium and Bromine.
Protactinium and Bromine Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Protactinium (Pa) and Bromine (Br), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 91 | 35 |
| Atomic Symbol | Pa | Br |
| Atomic Weight | 231.03588 | 79.904 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Liquid |
| Color | Silver | Red |
| Metallic Classification | Actinide | Halogens |
| Group in Periodic Table | Actinide (no group number) | group 17 |
| Group Name | fluorine family | |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 7 | period 4 |
| Block in Periodic Table | f -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2 | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 7 |
| Melting Point | 1845 K | 265.8 K |
| Boiling Point | 4273 K | 332 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-13-3 | CAS7726-95-6 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Protactinium | Neighborhood Elements of Bromine |
History
| Parameter | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Protactinium was discovered by O. H. Göhring and K. Fajans in year 1913 in Germany and United Kingdom. Protactinium derived its name from the Greek protos, 'first', and actinium, which is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium. | The element Bromine was discovered by J. Balard and C. Löwig in year 1825 in France. Bromine derived its name from the Greek bromos, meaning 'stench'. |
| Discovery | O. H. Göhring and K. Fajans (1913) | J. Balard and C. Löwig (1825) |
| Isolated | A. von Grosse (1927) | J. Balard and C. Löwig (1825) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | - / - | 7 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Sun | - / - | - / - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | - / - | 1200 / 230 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 0.000010 / 0.0000009 | 3000 / 780 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.0000000000000002 / 0.000000000000000005 | 67300 / 5210 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | 2900 / 230 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 15.18 cm3/mol | 19.78 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 180 pm | 94 pm |
| Covalent Radius | - | 114 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | 185 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 392.5, 392.5, 323.8 pm | 672.65, 464.51, 870.23 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | I4/mmm | Cmca |
| Space Group Number | 139 | 64 |
| Crystal Structure | Centered Tetragonal  | Base Centered Orthorhombic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 91 | 35 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 91 | 35 |
| Number of Protons | 91 | 35 |
| Mass Number | 231.03588 | 79.904 |
| Number of Neutrons | 140 | 45 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 7 |
| Electron Configuration | [Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2 | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 |
| Valence Electrons | 5f2 6d1 7s2 | 4s2 4p5 |
| Oxidation State | 5 | -1, 1, 3, 5 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 4K11/2 | 2P3/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Protactinium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Bromine has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 212Pa, 213Pa, 214Pa, 215Pa, 216Pa, 217Pa, 218Pa, 219Pa, 220Pa, 221Pa, 222Pa, 223Pa, 224Pa, 225Pa, 226Pa, 227Pa, 228Pa, 229Pa, 230Pa, 231Pa, 232Pa, 233Pa, 234Pa, 235Pa, 236Pa, 237Pa, 238Pa, 239Pa, 240Pa | 67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 79Br, 80Br, 81Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br |
| Stable Isotopes | - | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 79Br, 81Br |
| Neutron Cross Section | 500 | 6.8 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | - | 0.002 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 5 | 5 |
| Electronegativity | 1.5 Pauling Scale | 2.96 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 5 | -1, 1, 3, 5 |
| Electron Affinity | - | 324.6 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 568 kJ/mol | 1st: 1139.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 2103 kJ/mol 3rd: 3470 kJ/mol 4th: 4560 kJ/mol 5th: 5760 kJ/mol 6th: 8550 kJ/mol 7th: 9940 kJ/mol 8th: 18600 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Bromine (3.12 g/cm³) is less dense than Protactinium (15.37 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Protactinium will be heavier than the same volume of Bromine. Protactinium is about 392.6 denser than Bromine
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Liquid |
| Color | Silver | Red |
| Density | 15.37 g/cm3 | 3.12 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | - | 3.12 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 15.18 cm3/mol | 19.78 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | - | - |
| Shear Modulus | - | - |
| Bulk Modulus | - | 1.9 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | - | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | - | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 47 W/(m K) | 0.12 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 5600000 S/m | 1e-10 S/m |
| Resistivity | 1.8e-7 m Ω | 10000000000 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | 1.4 | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 3.25e-8 m3/kg | -4.9e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 7.509e-9 m3/mol | -7.83e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0004995 | -0.0000153 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | 1.001132 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | - | - |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 1845 K | 265.8 K |
| Boiling Point | 4273 K | 332 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | 588 K |
| Superconducting Point | 1.4 | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 15 kJ/mol | 5.8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 470 kJ/mol | 14.8 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Protactinium | Bromine |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-13-3 | CAS7726-95-6 |
| RTECS Number | - | RTECSEF9100000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | - | 8 |
| DOT Numbers | - | 1744 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | 0 |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | 3 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | 0 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | Oxidizing Agent |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | -18 °C |
Compare Protactinium and Bromine With Other Elements
Compare Protactinium and Bromine with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howProtactinium and Bromine stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.