Compare Potassium vs Neon: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Potassium and Neon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Potassium and Neon comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Potassium vs Neon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare K vs Ne on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Potassium and Neon.
Potassium and Neon Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Potassium (K) and Neon (Ne), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 19 | 10 |
| Atomic Symbol | K | Ne |
| Atomic Weight | 39.0983 | 20.1797 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Colorless |
| Metallic Classification | Alkali Metal | Noble Gas |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 1 | group 18 |
| Group Name | lithium family | helium family or neon family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 4 | period 2 |
| Block in Periodic Table | s -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Ar] 4s1 | [He] 2s2 2p6 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 8, 1 | 2, 8 |
| Melting Point | 336.53 K | 24.56 K |
| Boiling Point | 1032 K | 27.07 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-09-7 | CAS7440-01-9 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Potassium | Neighborhood Elements of Neon |
History
| Parameter | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Potassium was discovered by H. Davy in year 1807 in United Kingdom. Potassium derived its name from New Latin potassa, 'potash' (kalium in Latin). | The element Neon was discovered by W. Ramsay and W. Travers in year 1898 in United Kingdom. Neon derived its name from the Greek neos, meaning 'new'. |
| Discovery | H. Davy (1807) | W. Ramsay and W. Travers (1898) |
| Isolated | H. Davy (1807) | W. Ramsay and W. Travers (1898) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 3000 / 100 | 1300000 / 80000 |
| Abundance in Sun | 4000 / 100 | 1000000 / 70000 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 710000 / 370000 | - / - |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 15000000 / 7800000 | 3.0 / 3 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 416000 / 65800 | 0.12 / 0.037 |
| Abundance in Humans | 2000000 / 320000 | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 45.68 cm3/mol | 22.42 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 243 pm | 38 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 196 pm | 69 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 275 pm | 154 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 532.8, 532.8, 532.8 pm | 442.9, 442.9, 442.9 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | Im_ 3m | Fm_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 229 | 225 |
| Crystal Structure | Body Centered Cubic  | Face Centered Cubic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 19 | 10 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 19 | 10 |
| Number of Protons | 19 | 10 |
| Mass Number | 39.0983 | 20.1797 |
| Number of Neutrons | 20 | 10 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 8, 1 | 2, 8 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 4s1 | [He] 2s2 2p6 |
| Valence Electrons | 4s1 | 2s2 2p6 |
| Oxidation State | 1 | - |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 | 1S0 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Potassium has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Neon has 3 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 39K, 40K, 41K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K | 16Ne, 17Ne, 18Ne, 19Ne, 20Ne, 21Ne, 22Ne, 23Ne, 24Ne, 25Ne, 26Ne, 27Ne, 28Ne, 29Ne, 30Ne, 31Ne, 32Ne, 33Ne, 34Ne |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 39K, 41K | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 20Ne, 21Ne, 22Ne |
| Neutron Cross Section | 2.1 | 0.04 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0018 | 0.0006 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 1 | 0 |
| Electronegativity | 0.82 Pauling Scale | - |
| Oxidation State | 1 | - |
| Electron Affinity | 48.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 418.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 3052 kJ/mol 3rd: 4420 kJ/mol 4th: 5877 kJ/mol 5th: 7975 kJ/mol 6th: 9590 kJ/mol 7th: 11343 kJ/mol 8th: 14944 kJ/mol 9th: 16963.7 kJ/mol 10th: 48610 kJ/mol 11th: 54490 kJ/mol 12th: 60730 kJ/mol 13th: 68950 kJ/mol 14th: 75900 kJ/mol 15th: 83080 kJ/mol 16th: 93400 kJ/mol 17th: 99710 kJ/mol 18th: 444880 kJ/mol 19th: 476063 kJ/mol | 1st: 2080.7 kJ/mol 2nd: 3952.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 6122 kJ/mol 4th: 9371 kJ/mol 5th: 12177 kJ/mol 6th: 15238 kJ/mol 7th: 19999 kJ/mol 8th: 23069.5 kJ/mol 9th: 115379.5 kJ/mol 10th: 131432 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Neon (0.0009 g/cm³) is less dense than Potassium (0.856 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Potassium will be heavier than the same volume of Neon. Potassium is about 95011.1 denser than Neon
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Colorless |
| Density | 0.856 g/cm3 | 0.0009 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 0.828 g/cm3 | - |
| Molar Volume | 45.68 cm3/mol | 22.42 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | - | - |
| Shear Modulus | 1.3 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 3.1 GPa | - |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 0.4 MPa | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 0.363 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 100 W/(m K) | 0.0491 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 14000000 S/m | - |
| Resistivity | 7e-8 m Ω | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 6.7e-9 m3/kg | -4.1e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.62e-10 m3/mol | -8.27e-11 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000574 | -3.69e-9 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | 1.000067 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2000 m/s | 936 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 336.53 K | 24.56 K |
| Boiling Point | 1032 K | 27.07 K |
| Critical Temperature | 2223 K | 44.4 K |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 2.33 kJ/mol | 0.34 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 76.9 kJ/mol | 1.75 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | -182 J/(kg K) | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Potassium | Neon |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-09-7 | CAS7440-01-9 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSTS6460000 | RTECSQP4450000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.3 | 2.2 |
| DOT Numbers | 2257 | 1913 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 3 | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | 3 | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 2 | - |
| NFPA Hazards | Water Reactive | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | 440 °C | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Potassium and Neon With Other Elements
Compare Potassium and Neon with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howPotassium and Neon stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.