Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Helium vs Nitrogen
Compare Helium and Nitrogen on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Helium vs Nitrogen with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare He vs N on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Helium and Nitrogen comparison table on more than 90 properties.
Helium and Nitrogen Comparison
Facts
| Name | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 2 | 7 |
| Atomic Symbol | He | N |
| Atomic Weight | 4.002602 | 14.0067 |
| Phase at STP | Gas | Gas |
| Color | Colorless | Colorless |
| Metallic Classification | Noble Gas | Other Nonmetal |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 18 | group 15 |
| Group Name | helium family or neon family | nitrogen family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 1 | period 2 |
| Block in Periodic Table | p -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | 1s2 | [He] 2s2 2p3 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2 | 2, 5 |
| Melting Point | 0 K | 63.05 K |
| Boiling Point | 4.22 K | 77.36 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-59-7 | CAS7727-37-9 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Helium | Neighborhood Elements of Nitrogen |
History
| Parameter | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Helium was discovered by P. Janssen and N. Lockyer in year 1868 in Sweden and United Kingdom. Helium derived its name from the Greek word helios, meaning 'sun'. | The element Nitrogen was discovered by D. Rutherford in year 1772 in United Kingdom. Nitrogen derived its name from the Greek word nitron and '-gen' meaning 'niter-forming'. |
| Discovery | P. Janssen and N. Lockyer (1868) | D. Rutherford (1772) |
| Isolated | W. Ramsay,T. Cleve, and N. Langlet (1895) | D. Rutherford (1772) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 230000000 / 72000000 | 1000000 / 90000 |
| Abundance in Sun | 230000000 / 74000000 | 1000000 / 90000 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | - / - | 1400000 / 1400000 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 5.5 / 30 | 20000 / 29000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.0072 / 0.011 | 500 / 220 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | 26000000 / 12000000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 22.4136 cm3/mol | 22.4131 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 31 pm | 56 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 32 pm | 75 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 140 pm | 155 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 424.2, 424.2, 424.2 pm | 386.1, 386.1, 626.5 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Space Group Name | Fm_ 3m | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 225 | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic  | Simple Hexagonal  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 2 | 7 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 2 | 7 |
| Number of Protons | 2 | 7 |
| Mass Number | 4.002602 | 14.0067 |
| Number of Neutrons | 2 | 7 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2 | 2, 5 |
| Electron Configuration | 1s2 | [He] 2s2 2p3 |
| Valence Electrons | 1s2 | 2s2 2p3 |
| Oxidation State | - | -3, 3, 5 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 1S0 | 4S3/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Helium has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Nitrogen has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 3He, 4He, 5He, 6He, 7He, 8He, 9He, 10He | 10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 14N, 15N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 3He, 4He | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 14N, 15N |
| Neutron Cross Section | 0.007 | 1.91 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.00001 | 0.0048 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 0 | 3 |
| Electronegativity | - | 3.04 Pauling Scale |
| Electron Affinity | 0 kJ/mol | 7 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 2372.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 5250.5 kJ/mol | 1st: 1402.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 2856 kJ/mol 3rd: 4578.1 kJ/mol 4th: 7475 kJ/mol 5th: 9444.9 kJ/mol 6th: 53266.6 kJ/mol 7th: 64360 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.0001785 g/cm3 | 0.001251 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 22.4136 cm3/mol | 22.4131 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | - | - |
| Shear Modulus | - | - |
| Bulk Modulus | - | - |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | - | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | - | - |
| Resistivity | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.1513 W/(m K) | 0.02583 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | - |
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -5.9e-9 m3/kg | -5.4e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -2.36e-11 m3/mol | -1.5e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.05e-9 | -6.8e-9 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | 1.000035 | 1.000298 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 970 m/s | 333.6 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 0 K | 63.05 K |
| Boiling Point | 4.22 K | 77.36 K |
| Critical Temperature | 5.19 K | 126.21 K |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 0.02 kJ/mol | 0.36 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 0.083 kJ/mol | 2.79 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Helium | Nitrogen |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-59-7 | CAS7727-37-9 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSMH6520000 | RTECSQW9700000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| DOT Numbers | 1963 | 1977 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 | 0 |
| NFPA Health Rating | 1 | 3 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | 0 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Helium and Nitrogen with other elements of the periodic table.
Compare Helium with all Group 18 elementsCompare Helium with NeonCompare Helium with ArgonCompare Helium with KryptonCompare Helium with XenonCompare Helium with RadonCompare Helium with Oganesson Compare Helium with all Period 1 elementsCompare Helium with all Noble Gas elements | Compare Nitrogen with all Group 15 elementsNitrogen vs Phosphorus ComparisonNitrogen vs Arsenic ComparisonNitrogen vs Antimony ComparisonNitrogen vs Bismuth ComparisonNitrogen vs Moscovium Comparison Compare Nitrogen with all Period 2 elementsNitrogen vs Lithium ComparisonNitrogen vs Beryllium ComparisonNitrogen vs Boron ComparisonNitrogen vs Carbon ComparisonNitrogen vs Oxygen ComparisonNitrogen vs Fluorine ComparisonNitrogen vs Neon Comparison Compare Nitrogen with all Other Nonmetal elements |