Compare Erbium vs Neptunium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Erbium and Neptunium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Erbium and Neptunium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Erbium vs Neptunium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Er vs Np on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Erbium and Neptunium.
Erbium and Neptunium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Erbium (Er) and Neptunium (Np), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 68 | 93 |
| Atomic Symbol | Er | Np |
| Atomic Weight | 167.259 | 237 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Metallic Classification | Lanthanide | Actinide |
| Group in Periodic Table | Lanthanide (no group number) | Actinide (no group number) |
| Group Name | ||
| Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 7 |
| Block in Periodic Table | f -block | f -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 | [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2 |
| Melting Point | 1770 K | 917 K |
| Boiling Point | 3141 K | 4273 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-52-0 | CAS7439-99-8 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Erbium | Neighborhood Elements of Neptunium |
History
| Parameter | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Erbium was discovered by G. Mosander in year 1842 in Sweden. Erbium derived its name from Ytterby, Sweden. | The element Neptunium was discovered by E.M. McMillan and H. Abelson in year 1940 in United States. Neptunium derived its name from Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System. |
| Discovery | G. Mosander (1842) | E.M. McMillan and H. Abelson (1940) |
| Isolated | T. Cleve (1879) | () |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 2 / 0.01 | - / - |
| Abundance in Sun | 1 / 0.01 | - / - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 180 / 20 | - / - |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 3000 / 370 | - / - |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.0009 / 0.000033 | - / - |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 18.449 cm3/mol | 11.5892 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 226 pm | 175 pm |
| Covalent Radius | - | - |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | - |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  | Not available |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 355.88, 355.88, 558.74 pm | 666.3, 472.3, 488.7 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc | Pnma |
| Space Group Number | 194 | 62 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal  | Simple Orthorhombic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 68 | 93 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 68 | 93 |
| Number of Protons | 68 | 93 |
| Mass Number | 167.259 | 237 |
| Number of Neutrons | 99 | 144 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 | [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 4f12 6s2 | 5f4 6d1 7s2 |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 5 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3H6 | 6L11/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Erbium has 6 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Neptunium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 143Er, 144Er, 145Er, 146Er, 147Er, 148Er, 149Er, 150Er, 151Er, 152Er, 153Er, 154Er, 155Er, 156Er, 157Er, 158Er, 159Er, 160Er, 161Er, 162Er, 163Er, 164Er, 165Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 169Er, 170Er, 171Er, 172Er, 173Er, 174Er, 175Er, 176Er, 177Er | 225Np, 226Np, 227Np, 228Np, 229Np, 230Np, 231Np, 232Np, 233Np, 234Np, 235Np, 236Np, 237Np, 238Np, 239Np, 240Np, 241Np, 242Np, 243Np, 244Np |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 162Er, 164Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 170Er | |
| Neutron Cross Section | 165 | 180 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.036 | - |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 3 | 6 |
| Electronegativity | 1.24 Pauling Scale | 1.36 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 5 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mol | - |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 589.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 1150 kJ/mol 3rd: 2194 kJ/mol 4th: 4120 kJ/mol | 1st: 604.5 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Erbium (9.066 g/cm³) is less dense than Neptunium (20.45 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Neptunium will be heavier than the same volume of Erbium. Neptunium is about 125.6 denser than Erbium
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Silver |
| Density | 9.066 g/cm3 | 20.45 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 8.86 g/cm3 | - |
| Molar Volume | 18.449 cm3/mol | 11.5892 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 70 | - |
| Shear Modulus | 28 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 44 GPa | - |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.24 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | - | - |
| Vickers Hardness | 589 MPa | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 814 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 15 W/(m K) | 6 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000122 /K | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 1200000 S/m | 830000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 8.59e-7 m Ω | 0.0000012 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | - |
| Curie Point | 32 K | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000377 m3/kg | - |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 6.30566e-7 m3/mol | - |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0341788 | - |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2830 m/s | - |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 1770 K | 917 K |
| Boiling Point | 3141 K | 4273 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 19.9 kJ/mol | 10 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 285 kJ/mol | 335 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Erbium | Neptunium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-52-0 | CAS7439-99-8 |
| RTECS Number | - | - |
| DOT Hazard Class | - | - |
| DOT Numbers | - | - |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Erbium and Neptunium With Other Elements
Compare Erbium and Neptunium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howErbium and Neptunium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.