Element 26 of Periodic table is Iron with atomic number 26, atomic weight 55.845. Iron, symbol Fe, has a Body Centered Cubic structure and Gray color. Iron is a transition metal element. Know everything about Iron Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from Latin:ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core.
Read key information and facts about element Iron
Explore our interactive periodic table
Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 26 to find Iron on periodic table.
Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Iron on periodic table look for cross section of group 8 and period 4 in the modern periodic table.
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The element Iron was discovered by unknown in year 2000 BC in unknown place . Iron derived its name from English word (ferrum in Latin)
The table below shows the abundance of Iron in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.
The solid state structure of Iron is Body Centered Cubic.
The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.
The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)
and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).
The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured from a reference lattice point.
The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.
Iron atoms have 26 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 14, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 5D4.
Shell Structure of Iron - Electrons per energy level
The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Iron atom is [Ar] 3d6 4s2. The portion of Iron configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Ar]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 3d6 4s2, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.
Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Iron atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2
Iron atomic radius is 156 pm, while it's covalent radius is 125 pm.
156 pm (1.56 Å)
The electron affinity of Iron is 15.7 kJ/mol
Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Iron
Refer to below table for Iron Physical Properties
Iron is Conductor of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Iron
Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Iron
Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally occurring Iron has 4 stable isotope - 54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe, 58Fe.
List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases