Compare Zirconium vs Beryllium: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Zirconium and Beryllium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Zirconium and Beryllium comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Zirconium vs Beryllium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Zr vs Be on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Zirconium and Beryllium.
Zirconium and Beryllium Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Zirconium (Zr) and Beryllium (Be), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 40 | 4 |
| Atomic Symbol | Zr | Be |
| Atomic Weight | 91.224 | 9.012182 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | SlateGray |
| Metallic Classification | Transition Metal | Alkaline Earth Metal |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 4 | group 2 |
| Group Name | titanium family | beryllium family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 2 |
| Block in Periodic Table | d -block | s -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 4d2 5s2 | [He] 2s2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 | 2, 2 |
| Melting Point | 2128 K | 1560 K |
| Boiling Point | 4682 K | 2743 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-67-7 | CAS7440-41-7 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Zirconium | Neighborhood Elements of Beryllium |
History
| Parameter | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Zirconium was discovered by H. Klaproth in year 1789 in Germany. Zirconium derived its name from Persian Zargun, 'gold-colored'; German Zirkoon, 'jargoon'. | The element Beryllium was discovered by N. Vauquelin in year 1798 in France. Beryllium derived its name from beryl, a mineral. |
| Discovery | H. Klaproth (1789) | N. Vauquelin (1798) |
| Isolated | J. Berzelius (1824) | F. Wöhler and A. Bussy (1828) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 50 / 0.7 | 1 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Sun | 40 / 0.5 | 0.1 / 0.01 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 6700 / 1600 | 30 / 70 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 130000 / 30000 | 1900 / 4300 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.026 / 0.0018 | 0.0006 / 0.00041 |
| Abundance in Humans | 50 / 3 | 0.4 / 0.3 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 14.011 cm3/mol | 4.8767 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 206 pm | 112 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 148 pm | 90 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | - | 153 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 323.2, 323.2, 514.7 pm | 228.58, 228.58, 358.43 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
| Space Group Name | P63/mmc | P63/mmc |
| Space Group Number | 194 | 194 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal  | Simple Hexagonal |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 40 | 4 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 40 | 4 |
| Number of Protons | 40 | 4 |
| Mass Number | 91.224 | 9.012182 |
| Number of Neutrons | 51 | 5 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 | 2, 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d2 5s2 | [He] 2s2 |
| Valence Electrons | 4d2 5s2 | 2s2 |
| Oxidation State | 4 | 2 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3F2 | 1S0 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Zirconium has 4 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Beryllium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 93Zr, 94Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr | 5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 9Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94Zr | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 9Be |
| Neutron Cross Section | 0.184 | 0.0092 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.00066 | 0.00003 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 4 | 2 |
| Electronegativity | 1.33 Pauling Scale | 1.57 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 4 | 2 |
| Electron Affinity | 41.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 640.1 kJ/mol 2nd: 1270 kJ/mol 3rd: 2218 kJ/mol 4th: 3313 kJ/mol 5th: 7752 kJ/mol 6th: 9500 kJ/mol | 1st: 899.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1757.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 14848.7 kJ/mol 4th: 21006.6 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Beryllium (1.848 g/cm³) is less dense than Zirconium (6.511 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Zirconium will be heavier than the same volume of Beryllium. Zirconium is about 252.3 denser than Beryllium
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | SlateGray |
| Density | 6.511 g/cm3 | 1.848 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 5.8 g/cm3 | 1.69 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 14.011 cm3/mol | 4.8767 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 68 | 287 |
| Shear Modulus | 33 GPa | 132 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | - | 130 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.34 | 0.032 |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 5 MPa | 5.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | 903 MPa | 1670 MPa |
| Brinell Hardness | 650 MPa | 600 MPa |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 23 W/(m K) | 190 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000057 /K | 0.0000113 /K |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 2400000 S/m | 25000000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 4.2e-7 m Ω | 4e-8 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | 0.61 | 0.026 |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 1.68e-8 m3/kg | -1.26e-8 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 1.53e-9 m3/mol | -1.136e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.000109 | -0.00002328 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 3800 m/s | 13000 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 2128 K | 1560 K |
| Boiling Point | 4682 K | 2743 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | 0.61 | 0.026 |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 21 kJ/mol | 7.95 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 580 kJ/mol | 297 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Zirconium | Beryllium |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-67-7 | CAS7440-41-7 |
| RTECS Number | - | RTECSDS1750000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.2 | 6.1 |
| DOT Numbers | 2008 | 1567 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 1 | 1 |
| NFPA Health Rating | 1 | 3 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | 0 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Zirconium and Beryllium With Other Elements
Compare Zirconium and Beryllium with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howZirconium and Beryllium stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.