Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Zinc vs Germanium

Compare Zinc and Germanium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Zinc vs Germanium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Zn vs Ge on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Zinc and Germanium comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Zinc and Germanium Comparison

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1
1
H
Hydrogen
1.008

Atomic #

Electronic Shell #

Symbol
Name
Atomic Weight
HGas
HgLiquid
CSolid
Metals
Metalloids
NonMetals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Lanthanoids
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Other nonmetals
Halogens
Nobel gas
Actinoids
2
He
Helium
4.003
2
3
Li
Lithium
6.941
4
Be
Beryllium
9.012
5
B
Boron
10.811
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
8
O
Oxygen
15.999
9
F
Fluorine
18.998
10
Ne
Neon
20.180
3
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
13
Al
Aluminium
26.982
14
Si
Silicon
28.085
15
P
Phosphorus
30.974
16
S
Sulfur
32.065
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
4
19
K
Potassium
39.098
20
Ca
Calcium
40.078
21
Sc
Scandium
44.956
22
Ti
Titanium
47.867
23
V
Vanadium
50.941
24
Cr
Chromium
51.996
25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933
28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.409
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germanium
72.640
33
As
Arsenic
74.922
34
Se
Selenium
78.960
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
36
Kr
Krypton
83.798
5
37
Rb
Rubidium
85.468
38
Sr
Strontium
87.620
39
Y
Yttrium
88.906
40
Zr
Zirconium
91.224
41
Nb
Niobium
92.906
42
Mo
Molybdenum
95.940
43
Tc
Technetium
98
44
Ru
Ruthenium
101.070
45
Rh
Rhodium
102.906
46
Pd
Palladium
106.420
47
Ag
Silver
107.868
48
Cd
Cadmium
112.411
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
Antimony
121.760
52
Te
Tellurium
127.600
53
I
Iodine
126.904
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
6
55
Cs
Cesium
132.905
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
57 - 71
La - Lu
Lanthanides
72
Hf
Hafnium
178.490
73
Ta
Tantalum
180.948
74
W
Tungsten
183.840
75
Re
Rhenium
186.207
76
Os
Osmium
190.230
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
Platinum
195.078
79
Au
Gold
196.967
80
Hg
Mercury
200.590
81
Tl
Thallium
204.383
82
Pb
Lead
207.200
83
Bi
Bismuth
208.980
84
Po
Polonium
209
85
At
Astatine
210
86
Rn
Radon
222
7
87
Fr
Francium
223
88
Ra
Radium
226
89 - 103
Ac - Lr
Actinides
104
Rf
Rutherfordium
261
105
Db
Dubnium
262
106
Sg
Seaborgium
266
107
Bh
Bohrium
264
108
Hs
Hassium
269
109
Mt
Meitnerium
268
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
281
111
Rg
Roentgenium
272
112
Cn
Copernicium
285
113
Nh
Nihonium
284
114
Fl
Flerovium
289
115
Mc
Moscovium
288
116
Lv
Livermorium
292
117
Ts
Tennessine
294
118
Og
Oganesson
294
Lanthanides
57
La
Lanthanum
138.905
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.908
60
Nd
Neodymium
144.240
61
Pm
Promethium
145
62
Sm
Samarium
150.360
63
Eu
Europium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.250
65
Tb
Terbium
158.925
66
Dy
Dysprosium
162.500
67
Ho
Holmium
164.930
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.934
70
Yb
Ytterbium
173.040
71
Lu
Lutetium
174.967
Actinides
89
Ac
Actinium
227
90
Th
Thorium
232.038
91
Pa
Protactinium
231.036
92
U
Uranium
238.029
93
Np
Neptunium
237
94
Pu
Plutonium
244
95
Am
Americium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkelium
247
98
Cf
Californium
251
99
Es
Einsteinium
252
100
Fm
Fermium
257
101
Md
Mendelevium
258
102
No
Nobelium
259
103
Lr
Lawrencium
262

Facts

NameZincGermanium
Atomic Number3032
Atomic SymbolZnGe
Atomic Weight65.409 72.64
Phase at STPSolid Solid
ColorSlateGray Gray
Metallic ClassificationTransition Metal Metalloid
Group in Periodic Tablegroup 12 group 14
Group Namezinc familycarbon family
Period in Periodic Tableperiod 4 period 4
Block in Periodic Tabled -blockp -block
Electronic Configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 18, 4
Melting Point692.68 K1211.4 K
Boiling Point1180 K3093 K
CAS NumberCAS7440-66-6 CAS7440-56-4
Neighborhood ElementsNeighborhood Elements of ZincNeighborhood Elements of Germanium

History

ParameterZincGermanium
HistoryThe element Zinc was discovered by Indian metallurgists in year Before 1000 BCE in Germany. Zinc derived its name from the German word Zink.The element Germanium was discovered by C. A. Winkler in year 1886 in Germany. Germanium derived its name from Germania, the Latin name for Germany.
DiscoveryIndian metallurgists (Before 1000 BCE)C. A. Winkler (1886)
IsolatedIndian subcontinent (1000 BCE) ()

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)

PropertyZincGermanium
Abundance in Universe300 / 6200 / 3
Abundance in Sun2000 / 30200 / 3
Abundance in Meteorites180000 / 4400021000 / 4900
Abundance in Earth's Crust79000 / 250001400 / 390
Abundance in Oceans5 / 0.470.06 / 0.0051
Abundance in Humans33000 / 3200- / -

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

PropertyZincGermanium
Atomic Volume9.161 cm3/mol13.646 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius142 pm125 pm
Covalent Radius131 pm122 pm
Van der Waals Radius139 pm211 pm

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Emission SpectrumEmission Spectrum of Zinc | SchoolMyKidsEmission Spectrum of Germanium | SchoolMyKids
Absorption SpectrumAbsorption Spectrum of Zinc | SchoolMyKidsAbsorption Spectrum of Germanium | SchoolMyKids
Lattice Constant266.49, 266.49, 494.68 pm565.75, 565.75, 565.75 pm
Lattice Angleπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3π/2, π/2, π/2
Space Group NameP63/mmc Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number194 225
Crystal Structure

Simple Hexagonal

30 Zn Zinc - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Face Centered Cubic

32 Ge Germanium - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Atomic and Orbital Properties

PropertyZincGermanium
Atomic Number3032
Number of Electrons (with no charge)3032
Number of Protons3032
Mass Number65.40972.64
Number of Neutrons3541
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 18, 4
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Valence Electrons3d10 4s2 4s2 4p2
Oxidation State2-4, 2, 4
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)1S0 3P0
Shell structure30 Zn Zinc Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids32 Ge Germanium Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Zinc has 5 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Germanium has 4 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

ParameterZincGermanium
Known Isotopes54Zn, 55Zn, 56Zn, 57Zn, 58Zn, 59Zn, 60Zn, 61Zn, 62Zn, 63Zn, 64Zn, 65Zn, 66Zn, 67Zn, 68Zn, 69Zn, 70Zn, 71Zn, 72Zn, 73Zn, 74Zn, 75Zn, 76Zn, 77Zn, 78Zn, 79Zn, 80Zn, 81Zn, 82Zn, 83Zn58Ge, 59Ge, 60Ge, 61Ge, 62Ge, 63Ge, 64Ge, 65Ge, 66Ge, 67Ge, 68Ge, 69Ge, 70Ge, 71Ge, 72Ge, 73Ge, 74Ge, 75Ge, 76Ge, 77Ge, 78Ge, 79Ge, 80Ge, 81Ge, 82Ge, 83Ge, 84Ge, 85Ge, 86Ge, 87Ge, 88Ge, 89Ge
Stable IsotopesNaturally occurring stable isotopes:

64Zn, 66Zn, 67Zn, 68Zn, 70Zn

Naturally occurring stable isotopes:

70Ge, 72Ge, 73Ge, 74Ge

Neutron Cross Section 1.1 2.2
Neutron Mass Absorption 0.00055 0.0011

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

PropertyZincGermanium
Valence or Valency2 4
Electronegativity1.65 Pauling Scale2.01 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity0 kJ/mol119 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
1st: 906.4 kJ/mol
2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol
3rd: 3833 kJ/mol
4th: 5731 kJ/mol
5th: 7970 kJ/mol
6th: 10400 kJ/mol
7th: 12900 kJ/mol
8th: 16800 kJ/mol
9th: 19600 kJ/mol
10th: 23000 kJ/mol
11th: 26400 kJ/mol
12th: 29990 kJ/mol
13th: 40490 kJ/mol
14th: 43800 kJ/mol
15th: 47300 kJ/mol
16th: 52300 kJ/mol
17th: 55900 kJ/mol
18th: 59700 kJ/mol
19th: 67300 kJ/mol
20th: 71200 kJ/mol
21st: 179100 kJ/mol
1st: 762 kJ/mol
2nd: 1537.5 kJ/mol
3rd: 3302.1 kJ/mol
4th: 4411 kJ/mol
5th: 9020 kJ/mol

Physical Properties

PropertyZincGermanium
Density7.14 g/cm35.323 g/cm3
Molar Volume9.161 cm3/mol13.646 cm3/mol

Elastic Properties

Young Modulus108 -
Shear Modulus43 GPa-
Bulk Modulus70 GPa-
Poisson Ratio0.25 -

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Mohs Hardness2.5 MPa6 MPa
Vickers Hardness- -
Brinell Hardness412 MPa-

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity17000000 S/m2000 S/m
Resistivity 5.9e-8 m Ω0.0005 m Ω
Superconducting Point0.85 -

Heat and Conduction Properties

Thermal Conductivity120 W/(m K)60 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000302 /K0.000006 /K

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic TypeDiamagnetic Diamagnetic
Curie Point- -
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility-2.21e-9 m3/kg-1.5e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility-1.45e-10 m3/mol-1.09e-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility-0.0000158 -0.00000798

Optical Properties

Refractive Index1.00205 -

Acoustic Properties

Speed of Sound3700 m/s5400 m/s

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

PropertyZincGermanium
Melting Point692.68 K1211.4 K
Boiling Point1180 K3093 K
Critical Temperature- -
Superconducting Point0.85 -

Enthalpies

Heat of Fusion7.35 kJ/mol31.8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization119 kJ/mol334 kJ/mol
Heat of Combustion- -536 J/(kg K)

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

ParameterZincGermanium
CAS NumberCAS7440-66-6 CAS7440-56-4
RTECS NumberRTECSZG8600000 RTECSLY5200000
DOT Hazard Class4.3 4.1
DOT Numbers1436 3089
EU Number- -
NFPA Fire Rating0 0
NFPA Health Rating2 1
NFPA Reactivity Rating0 0
NFPA HazardsWater Reactive -
AutoIgnition Point460 °C-
Flashpoint- -

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Zinc and Germanium with other elements of the periodic table.

Compare Zinc with all Group 12 elements

Compare Zinc with all Period 4 elements

Compare Zinc with all Transition Metal elements

Compare Germanium with all Group 14 elements

Compare Germanium with all Period 4 elements

Compare Germanium with all Metalloid elements