Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Silicon vs Selenium

Compare Silicon and Selenium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Silicon vs Selenium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Si vs Se on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Silicon and Selenium comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Name	Silicon	Selenium
Atomic Number	14	34
Atomic Symbol	Si	Se
Atomic Weight	28.0855	78.96
Phase at STP	Solid	Solid
Color	Gray	Gray
Metallic Classification	Metalloid	Other Nonmetal
Group in Periodic Table	group 14	group 16
Group Name	carbon family	oxygen family
Period in Periodic Table	period 3	period 4
Block in Periodic Table	p -block	p -block
Electronic Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p2	[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)	2, 8, 4	2, 8, 18, 6
Melting Point	1687 K	494 K
Boiling Point	3173 K	958 K
CAS Number	CAS7440-21-3	CAS7782-49-2
Neighborhood Elements	Neighborhood Elements of Silicon	Neighborhood Elements of Selenium

Parameter	Silicon	Selenium
History	The element Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in year 1823 in Sweden. Silicon derived its name from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium).	The element Selenium was discovered by J. Berzelius and G. Gahn in year 1817 in Sweden. Selenium derived its name from the Greek selene, meaning 'moon'.
Discovery	J. Berzelius (1823)	J. Berzelius and G. Gahn (1817)
Isolated	J. Berzelius (1823)	J. Berzelius and G. Gahn (1817)

Property	Silicon	Selenium
Abundance in Universe	700000 / 30000	30 / 0.5
Abundance in Sun	900000 / 40000	- / -
Abundance in Meteorites	140000000 / 100000000	13000 / 2900
Abundance in Earth's Crust	270000000 / 200000000	50 / 10
Abundance in Oceans	1000 / 220	0.45 / 0.035
Abundance in Humans	260000 / 58000	50 / 4

Property	Silicon	Selenium
Atomic Volume	12.054 cm3/mol	16.385 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius	111 pm	103 pm
Covalent Radius	111 pm	116 pm
Van der Waals Radius	210 pm	190 pm
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines
Emission Spectrum
Absorption Spectrum
Lattice Constant	543.09, 543.09, 543.09 pm	905.4, 908.3, 1160.1 pm
Lattice Angle	π/2, π/2, π/2	π/2, 1.58493, π/2
Space Group Name	Fd_ 3m	P121/c1
Space Group Number	227	14
Crystal Structure	Tetrahedral Packing	Simple Monoclinic

Property	Silicon	Selenium
Atomic Number	14	34
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	14	34
Number of Protons	14	34
Mass Number	28.0855	78.96
Number of Neutrons	14	45
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	2, 8, 4	2, 8, 18, 6
Electron Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p2	[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Valence Electrons	3s2 3p2	4s2 4p4
Oxidation State	-4, 4	-2, 2, 4, 6
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	3P0	3P2
Shell structure

Parameter	Silicon	Selenium
Known Isotopes	22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si	65Se, 66Se, 67Se, 68Se, 69Se, 70Se, 71Se, 72Se, 73Se, 74Se, 75Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se, 79Se, 80Se, 81Se, 82Se, 83Se, 84Se, 85Se, 86Se, 87Se, 88Se, 89Se, 90Se, 91Se, 92Se, 93Se, 94Se
Stable Isotopes	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 28Si, 29Si, 30Si	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 74Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se, 80Se
Neutron Cross Section	171	11.7
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0002	0.0056

Property	Silicon	Selenium
Valence or Valency	4	6
Electronegativity	1.9 Pauling Scale	2.55 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity	133.6 kJ/mol	195 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies	1st: 786.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol 4th: 4355.5 kJ/mol 5th: 16091 kJ/mol 6th: 19805 kJ/mol 7th: 23780 kJ/mol 8th: 29287 kJ/mol 9th: 33878 kJ/mol 10th: 38726 kJ/mol 11th: 45962 kJ/mol 12th: 50502 kJ/mol 13th: 235196 kJ/mol 14th: 257923 kJ/mol	1st: 941 kJ/mol 2nd: 2045 kJ/mol 3rd: 2973.7 kJ/mol 4th: 4144 kJ/mol 5th: 6590 kJ/mol 6th: 7880 kJ/mol 7th: 14990 kJ/mol

Property	Silicon	Selenium
Density	2.33 g/cm3	4.819 g/cm3
Molar Volume	12.054 cm3/mol	16.385 cm3/mol
Elastic Properties
Young Modulus	47	10
Shear Modulus	-	3.7 GPa
Bulk Modulus	100 GPa	8.3 GPa
Poisson Ratio	-	0.33
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element
Mohs Hardness	6.5 MPa	2 MPa
Vickers Hardness	-	-
Brinell Hardness	-	736 MPa
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity	1000 S/m	-
Resistivity	0.001 m Ω	-
Superconducting Point	-	-
Heat and Conduction Properties
Thermal Conductivity	150 W/(m K)	0.52 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.0000026 /K	-
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Type	Diamagnetic	Diamagnetic
Curie Point	-	-
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility	-1.6e-9 m3/kg	-4e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility	-4.49e-11 m3/mol	-3.16e-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility	-0.00000373	-0.0000193
Optical Properties
Refractive Index	-	1.000895
Acoustic Properties
Speed of Sound	2200 m/s	3350 m/s

Parameter	Silicon	Selenium
CAS Number	CAS7440-21-3	CAS7782-49-2
RTECS Number	RTECSVW0400000	{N/A, RTECSVS7700000, N/A}
DOT Hazard Class	4.1	6.1
DOT Numbers	1346	2658
EU Number	-	-
NFPA Fire Rating	0	0
NFPA Health Rating	1	2
NFPA Reactivity Rating	0	0
NFPA Hazards	-	-
AutoIgnition Point	150 °C	-
Flashpoint	-	-

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Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Silicon vs Selenium

Silicon and Selenium Comparison

VS

Facts

History

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Atomic and Orbital Properties

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Electrical Properties

Heat and Conduction Properties

Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties

Acoustic Properties

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Enthalpies

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Silicon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Silicon with all Period 3 elements

Compare Silicon with all Metalloid elements

Compare Selenium with all Group 16 elements

Compare Selenium with all Period 4 elements

Compare Selenium with all Other Nonmetal elements