Compare Rubidium vs Xenon: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Rubidium and Xenon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Rubidium and Xenon comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Rubidium vs Xenon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Rb vs Xe on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Rubidium and Xenon.
Rubidium and Xenon Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Rubidium (Rb) and Xenon (Xe), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 37 | 54 |
| Atomic Symbol | Rb | Xe |
| Atomic Weight | 85.4678 | 131.293 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Colorless |
| Metallic Classification | Alkali Metal | Noble Gas |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 1 | group 18 |
| Group Name | lithium family | helium family or neon family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 5 |
| Block in Periodic Table | s -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 5s1 | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 |
| Melting Point | 312.46 K | 161.3 K |
| Boiling Point | 961 K | 165.1 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-17-7 | CAS7440-63-3 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Rubidium | Neighborhood Elements of Xenon |
History
| Parameter | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Rubidium was discovered by R. Bunsen and G. R. Kirchhoff in year 1861 in Germany. Rubidium derived its name from the Latin rubidus, meaning 'deep red'. | The element Xenon was discovered by W. Ramsay and W. Travers in year 1898 in United Kingdom. Xenon derived its name from the Greek xenos, meaning 'strange'. |
| Discovery | R. Bunsen and G. R. Kirchhoff (1861) | W. Ramsay and W. Travers (1898) |
| Isolated | Hevesy () | W. Ramsay and W. Travers (1898) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 10 / 0.1 | 10 / 0.09 |
| Abundance in Sun | 30 / 0.4 | - / - |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 3300 / 770 | - / - |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 60000 / 14000 | 0.020 / 0.003 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 120 / 8.7 | 0.005 / 0.00024 |
| Abundance in Humans | 4600 / 340 | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 55.788 cm3/mol | 22.4128 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 265 pm | 108 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 211 pm | 130 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 303 pm | 216 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 558.5, 558.5, 558.5 pm | 620.23, 620.23, 620.23 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | Im_ 3m | Fm_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 229 | 225 |
| Crystal Structure | Body Centered Cubic  | Face Centered Cubic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 37 | 54 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 37 | 54 |
| Number of Protons | 37 | 54 |
| Mass Number | 85.4678 | 131.293 |
| Number of Neutrons | 48 | 77 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 5s1 | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
| Valence Electrons | 5s1 | 5s2 5p6 |
| Oxidation State | 1 | 0 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 | 1S0 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Rubidium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Xenon has 9 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 85Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb | 110Xe, 111Xe, 112Xe, 113Xe, 114Xe, 115Xe, 116Xe, 117Xe, 118Xe, 119Xe, 120Xe, 121Xe, 122Xe, 123Xe, 124Xe, 125Xe, 126Xe, 127Xe, 128Xe, 129Xe, 130Xe, 131Xe, 132Xe, 133Xe, 134Xe, 135Xe, 136Xe, 137Xe, 138Xe, 139Xe, 140Xe, 141Xe, 142Xe, 143Xe, 144Xe, 145Xe, 146Xe, 147Xe |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 85Rb | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 124Xe, 126Xe, 128Xe, 129Xe, 130Xe, 131Xe, 132Xe, 134Xe, 136Xe |
| Neutron Cross Section | 0.38 | 25 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0003 | 0.0083 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 1 | 6 |
| Electronegativity | 0.82 Pauling Scale | 2.6 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 1 | 0 |
| Electron Affinity | 46.9 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 403 kJ/mol 2nd: 2633 kJ/mol 3rd: 3860 kJ/mol 4th: 5080 kJ/mol 5th: 6850 kJ/mol 6th: 8140 kJ/mol 7th: 9570 kJ/mol 8th: 13120 kJ/mol 9th: 14500 kJ/mol 10th: 26740 kJ/mol | 1st: 1170.4 kJ/mol 2nd: 2046.4 kJ/mol 3rd: 3099.4 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Xenon (0.0059 g/cm³) is less dense than Rubidium (1.532 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Rubidium will be heavier than the same volume of Xenon. Rubidium is about 25866.1 denser than Xenon
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Colorless |
| Density | 1.532 g/cm3 | 0.0059 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 1.46 g/cm3 | - |
| Molar Volume | 55.788 cm3/mol | 22.4128 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 2.4 | - |
| Shear Modulus | - | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 2.5 GPa | - |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 0.3 MPa | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 0.216 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 58 W/(m K) | 0.00565 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 8300000 S/m | - |
| Resistivity | 1.2e-7 m Ω | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.6e-9 m3/kg | -4.3e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.22e-10 m3/mol | -5.65e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000398 | -2.54e-8 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | 1.000702 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 1300 m/s | 1090 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 312.46 K | 161.3 K |
| Boiling Point | 961 K | 165.1 K |
| Critical Temperature | 2093 K | 289.77 K |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 2.19 kJ/mol | 2.3 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 72 kJ/mol | 12.64 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Rubidium | Xenon |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-17-7 | CAS7440-63-3 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSVL8500000 | RTECSZE1280000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.3 | 2.2 |
| DOT Numbers | 1423 | 2591 |
| EU Number | - | EU231-172-7 |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 3 | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | 2 | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | Water Reactive | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Rubidium and Xenon With Other Elements
Compare Rubidium and Xenon with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howRubidium and Xenon stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.