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Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Nickel vs Gallium

Compare Nickel and Gallium

Compare Nickel and Gallium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Nickel vs Gallium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Ni vs Ga on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more.

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1
1
H
Hydrogen
1.008

Atomic #

Electronic Shell #

Symbol
Name
Atomic Weight
HGas
HgLiquid
CSolid
Metals
Metalloids
NonMetals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Lanthanoids
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Other nonmetals
Halogens
Nobel gas
Actinoids
2
He
Helium
4.003
2
3
Li
Lithium
6.941
4
Be
Beryllium
9.012
5
B
Boron
10.811
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
8
O
Oxygen
15.999
9
F
Fluorine
18.998
10
Ne
Neon
20.180
3
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
13
Al
Aluminium
26.982
14
Si
Silicon
28.085
15
P
Phosphorus
30.974
16
S
Sulfur
32.065
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
4
19
K
Potassium
39.098
20
Ca
Calcium
40.078
21
Sc
Scandium
44.956
22
Ti
Titanium
47.867
23
V
Vanadium
50.941
24
Cr
Chromium
51.996
25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933
28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.409
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germanium
72.640
33
As
Arsenic
74.922
34
Se
Selenium
78.960
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
36
Kr
Krypton
83.798
5
37
Rb
Rubidium
85.468
38
Sr
Strontium
87.620
39
Y
Yttrium
88.906
40
Zr
Zirconium
91.224
41
Nb
Niobium
92.906
42
Mo
Molybdenum
95.940
43
Tc
Technetium
98
44
Ru
Ruthenium
101.070
45
Rh
Rhodium
102.906
46
Pd
Palladium
106.420
47
Ag
Silver
107.868
48
Cd
Cadmium
112.411
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
Antimony
121.760
52
Te
Tellurium
127.600
53
I
Iodine
126.904
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
6
55
Cs
Cesium
132.905
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
57 - 71
La - Lu
Lanthanides
72
Hf
Hafnium
178.490
73
Ta
Tantalum
180.948
74
W
Tungsten
183.840
75
Re
Rhenium
186.207
76
Os
Osmium
190.230
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
Platinum
195.078
79
Au
Gold
196.967
80
Hg
Mercury
200.590
81
Tl
Thallium
204.383
82
Pb
Lead
207.200
83
Bi
Bismuth
208.980
84
Po
Polonium
209
85
At
Astatine
210
86
Rn
Radon
222
7
87
Fr
Francium
223
88
Ra
Radium
226
89 - 103
Ac - Lr
Actinides
104
Rf
Rutherfordium
261
105
Db
Dubnium
262
106
Sg
Seaborgium
266
107
Bh
Bohrium
264
108
Hs
Hassium
269
109
Mt
Meitnerium
268
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
281
111
Rg
Roentgenium
272
112
Cn
Copernicium
285
113
Nh
Nihonium
284
114
Fl
Flerovium
289
115
Mc
Moscovium
288
116
Lv
Livermorium
292
117
Ts
Tennessine
294
118
Og
Oganesson
294
Lanthanides
57
La
Lanthanum
138.905
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.908
60
Nd
Neodymium
144.240
61
Pm
Promethium
145
62
Sm
Samarium
150.360
63
Eu
Europium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.250
65
Tb
Terbium
158.925
66
Dy
Dysprosium
162.500
67
Ho
Holmium
164.930
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.934
70
Yb
Ytterbium
173.040
71
Lu
Lutetium
174.967
Actinides
89
Ac
Actinium
227
90
Th
Thorium
232.038
91
Pa
Protactinium
231.036
92
U
Uranium
238.029
93
Np
Neptunium
237
94
Pu
Plutonium
244
95
Am
Americium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkelium
247
98
Cf
Californium
251
99
Es
Einsteinium
252
100
Fm
Fermium
257
101
Md
Mendelevium
258
102
No
Nobelium
259
103
Lr
Lawrencium
262

Facts

NameNickelGallium
Atomic Number2831
Atomic SymbolNiGa
Atomic Weight58.6934 69.723
Phase at STPSolid Solid
ColorGray Silver
Metallic ClassificationTransition Metal Post Transition Metal
Group in Periodic Tablegroup 10 group 13
Group Namenickel familyboron family
Period in Periodic Tableperiod 4 period 4
Block in Periodic Tabled -blockp -block
Electronic Configuration[Ar] 3d8 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)2, 8, 16, 22, 8, 18, 3
Melting Point1728 K302.91 K
Boiling Point3186 K2477 K
CAS NumberCAS7440-02-0 CAS7440-55-3
Neighborhood ElementsNeighborhood Elements of NickelNeighborhood Elements of Gallium

History

NameNickelGallium
HistoryThe element Nickel was discovered by F. Cronstedt in year 1751 in Sweden. Nickel derived its name from Swedish kopparnickel, containing the German word Nickel, 'goblin'.The element Gallium was discovered by P. E. L. de Boisbaudran in year 1875 in France. Gallium derived its name from Gallia, the Latin name for France.
DiscoveryF. Cronstedt (1751)P. E. L. de Boisbaudran (1875)
IsolatedF. Cronstedt (1751)P. E. L. de Boisbaudran ()

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)

NameNickelGallium
Abundance in Universe60000 / 100010 / 0.2
Abundance in Sun80000 / 200040 / 0.6
Abundance in Meteorites13000000 / 44000007800 / 2000
Abundance in Earth's Crust90000 / 3200019000 / 5500
Abundance in Oceans2 / 0.210.03 / 0.0027
Abundance in Humans100 / 11- / -

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

NameNickelGallium
Atomic Volume6.5888 cm3/mol11.809 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius149 pm136 pm
Covalent Radius121 pm126 pm
Van der Waals Radius163 pm187 pm
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines
Emission SpectrumEmission Spectrum of Nickel | SchoolMyKidsEmission Spectrum of Gallium | SchoolMyKids
Absorption SpectrumAbsorption Spectrum of Nickel | SchoolMyKidsAbsorption Spectrum of Gallium | SchoolMyKids
Lattice Constant352.4, 352.4, 352.4 pm451.97, 766.33, 452.6 pm
Lattice Angleπ/2, π/2, π/2π/2, π/2, π/2
Space Group NameFm_ 3m Cmca
Space Group Number225 64
Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic

28 Ni Nickel - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Base Centered Orthorhombic

31 Ga Gallium - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

Atomic and Orbital Properties

NameNickelGallium
Atomic Number2831
Number of Electrons (with no charge)2831
Number of Protons2831
Mass Number58.693469.723
Number of Neutrons3139
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)2, 8, 16, 22, 8, 18, 3
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d8 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Valence Electrons3d8 4s2 4s2 4p1
Oxidation State23
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)3F4 2P1/2
Shell structure28 Ni Nickel Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids31 Ga Gallium Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Nickel has 5 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Gallium has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

NameNickelGallium
Known Isotopes48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 58Ni, 59Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 63Ni, 64Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni56Ga, 57Ga, 58Ga, 59Ga, 60Ga, 61Ga, 62Ga, 63Ga, 64Ga, 65Ga, 66Ga, 67Ga, 68Ga, 69Ga, 70Ga, 71Ga, 72Ga, 73Ga, 74Ga, 75Ga, 76Ga, 77Ga, 78Ga, 79Ga, 80Ga, 81Ga, 82Ga, 83Ga, 84Ga, 85Ga, 86Ga
Stable IsotopesNaturally occurring stable isotopes:

58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64Ni

Naturally occurring stable isotopes:

69Ga, 71Ga

Neutron Cross Section 37.2 2.9
Neutron Mass Absorption 0.0026 0.0015

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

NameNickelGallium
Valence or Valency2 3
Electronegativity1.91 Pauling Scale1.81 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity112 kJ/mol28.9 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
1st: 737.1 kJ/mol
2nd: 1753 kJ/mol
3rd: 3395 kJ/mol
4th: 5300 kJ/mol
5th: 7339 kJ/mol
6th: 10400 kJ/mol
7th: 12800 kJ/mol
8th: 15600 kJ/mol
9th: 18600 kJ/mol
10th: 21670 kJ/mol
11th: 30970 kJ/mol
12th: 34000 kJ/mol
13th: 37100 kJ/mol
14th: 41500 kJ/mol
15th: 44800 kJ/mol
16th: 48100 kJ/mol
17th: 55101 kJ/mol
18th: 58570 kJ/mol
19th: 148700 kJ/mol
20th: 159000 kJ/mol
21st: 169400 kJ/mol
22nd: 182700 kJ/mol
23rd: 194000 kJ/mol
24th: 205600 kJ/mol
25th: 221400 kJ/mol
26th: 231490 kJ/mol
27th: 992718 kJ/mol
28th: 1039668 kJ/mol
1st: 578.8 kJ/mol
2nd: 1979.3 kJ/mol
3rd: 2963 kJ/mol
4th: 6180 kJ/mol

Physical Properties

NameNickelGallium
Density8.908 g/cm35.904 g/cm3
Molar Volume6.5888 cm3/mol11.809 cm3/mol

Elastic Properties

Young Modulus200 -
Shear Modulus76 GPa-
Bulk Modulus180 GPa-
Poisson Ratio0.31 -

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Mohs Hardness4 MPa1.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness638 MPa-
Brinell Hardness700 MPa60 MPa

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity14000000 S/m7100000 S/m
Resistivity 7e-8 m Ω1.39e-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point- 1.083

Heat and Conduction Properties

Thermal Conductivity91 W/(m K)29 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000134 /K0.00012 /K

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic TypeFerromagnetic Diamagnetic
Curie Point631 K-
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility- -3e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility- -2.09e-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility- -0.0000177

Optical Properties

Refractive Index- -

Acoustic Properties

Speed of Sound4970 m/s2740 m/s

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

NameNickelGallium
Melting Point1728 K302.91 K
Boiling Point3186 K2477 K
Critical Temperature- -
Superconducting Point- 1.083

Enthalpies

Heat of Fusion17.2 kJ/mol5.59 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization378 kJ/mol256 kJ/mol
Heat of Combustion- -

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

NameNickelGallium
CAS NumberCAS7440-02-0 CAS7440-55-3
RTECS NumberRTECSQR5950000 RTECSLW8600000
DOT Hazard Class4.1 8
DOT Numbers3089 2803
EU Number- -
NFPA Fire Rating4 0
NFPA Health Rating2 1
NFPA Reactivity Rating1 0
NFPA Hazards- -
AutoIgnition Point- -
Flashpoint- -

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Nickel with all Group 10 elements

Compare Nickel with all Period 4 elements

Compare Nickel with all Transition Metal elements

Compare Gallium with all Group 13 elements

Compare Gallium with all Period 4 elements

Compare Gallium with all Post Transition Metal elements