Compare Cesium vs Chlorine: Periodic Table Element Comparison Table and Properties
Compare the elements Cesium and Chlorine on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements - Cesium and Chlorine comparison table side by side across over 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Cesium vs Chlorine with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Cs vs Cl on more than 90 properties like electronegativity, oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. This in-depth comparison helps students, educators, researchers, and science enthusiasts understand the differences and similarities between Cesium and Chlorine.
Cesium and Chlorine Comparison
Here's a detailed comparison between Cesium (Cs) and Chlorine (Cl), focusing on their position in the periodic table, physical and chemical properties, stability, and uses.
Facts - Basic Element Details
| Name | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 55 | 17 |
| Atomic Symbol | Cs | Cl |
| Atomic Weight | 132.90545 | 35.453 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Yellow |
| Metallic Classification | Alkali Metal | Halogens |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 1 | group 17 |
| Group Name | lithium family | fluorine family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 3 |
| Block in Periodic Table | s -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 6s1 | [Ne] 3s2 3p5 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 7 |
| Melting Point | 301.59 K | 171.6 K |
| Boiling Point | 944 K | 239.11 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-46-2 | CAS7782-50-5 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Cesium | Neighborhood Elements of Chlorine |
History
| Parameter | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Cesium was discovered by R. Bunsen and R. Kirchhoff in year 1860 in Germany. Cesium derived its name from the Latin caesius, meaning 'sky blue'. | The element Chlorine was discovered by W. Scheele in year 1774 in Sweden. Chlorine derived its name from the Greek word chloros, meaning 'greenish yellow'. |
| Discovery | R. Bunsen and R. Kirchhoff (1860) | W. Scheele (1774) |
| Isolated | C. Setterberg (1882) | W. Scheele (1774) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 0.8 / 0.01 | 1000 / 40 |
| Abundance in Sun | 8 / 0.07 | 8000 / 300 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 140 / 20 | 380000 / 160000 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1900 / 290 | 170000 / 100000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 0.5 / 0.023 | 19870000 / 3470000 |
| Abundance in Humans | 20 / 1 | 1200000 / 210000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 70.732 cm3/mol | 22.4129 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 298 pm | 79 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 225 pm | 99 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 343 pm | 175 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum | Not available |  |
| Lattice Constant | 614.1, 614.1, 614.1 pm | 622.35, 445.61, 817.85 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | Im_ 3m | Cmca |
| Space Group Number | 229 | 64 |
| Crystal Structure | Body Centered Cubic  | Base Centered Orthorhombic  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 55 | 17 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 55 | 17 |
| Number of Protons | 55 | 17 |
| Mass Number | 132.90545 | 35.453 |
| Number of Neutrons | 78 | 18 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1 | 2, 8, 7 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 6s1 | [Ne] 3s2 3p5 |
| Valence Electrons | 6s1 | 3s2 3p5 |
| Oxidation State | 1 | -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 | 2P3/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Cesium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Chlorine has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 112Cs, 113Cs, 114Cs, 115Cs, 116Cs, 117Cs, 118Cs, 119Cs, 120Cs, 121Cs, 122Cs, 123Cs, 124Cs, 125Cs, 126Cs, 127Cs, 128Cs, 129Cs, 130Cs, 131Cs, 132Cs, 133Cs, 134Cs, 135Cs, 136Cs, 137Cs, 138Cs, 139Cs, 140Cs, 141Cs, 142Cs, 143Cs, 144Cs, 145Cs, 146Cs, 147Cs, 148Cs, 149Cs, 150Cs, 151Cs | 28Cl, 29Cl, 30Cl, 31Cl, 32Cl, 33Cl, 34Cl, 35Cl, 36Cl, 37Cl, 38Cl, 39Cl, 40Cl, 41Cl, 42Cl, 43Cl, 44Cl, 45Cl, 46Cl, 47Cl, 48Cl, 49Cl, 50Cl, 51Cl |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 133Cs | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 35Cl, 37Cl |
| Neutron Cross Section | 29 | 35.3 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0077 | 0.033 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 1 | 5 |
| Electronegativity | 0.79 Pauling Scale | 3.16 Pauling Scale |
| Oxidation State | 1 | -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 |
| Electron Affinity | 45.5 kJ/mol | 349 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 375.7 kJ/mol 2nd: 2234.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 3400 kJ/mol | 1st: 1251.2 kJ/mol 2nd: 2298 kJ/mol 3rd: 3822 kJ/mol 4th: 5158.6 kJ/mol 5th: 6542 kJ/mol 6th: 9362 kJ/mol 7th: 11018 kJ/mol 8th: 33604 kJ/mol 9th: 38600 kJ/mol 10th: 43961 kJ/mol 11th: 51068 kJ/mol 12th: 57119 kJ/mol 13th: 63363 kJ/mol 14th: 72341 kJ/mol 15th: 78095 kJ/mol 16th: 352994 kJ/mol 17th: 380760 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Chlorine (0.003214 g/cm³) is less dense than Cesium (1.879 g/cm³). This means that a given volume of Cesium will be heavier than the same volume of Chlorine. Cesium is about 58363 denser than Chlorine
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Solid | Gas |
| Color | Silver | Yellow |
| Density | 1.879 g/cm3 | 0.003214 g/cm3 |
| Density (when liquid (at melting point)) | 1.843 g/cm3 | - |
| Molar Volume | 70.732 cm3/mol | 22.4129 cm3/mol |
Mechanical and Hardness Properties
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 1.7 | - |
| Shear Modulus | - | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 1.6 GPa | 1.1 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 0.2 MPa | - |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 0.14 MPa | - |
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 36 W/(m K) | 0.0089 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 5000000 S/m | 0.01 S/m |
| Resistivity | 2e-7 m Ω | 100 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Magnetic and Optical Properties
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.8e-9 m3/kg | -7.2e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 3.72e-10 m3/mol | -5.11e-10 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.00000526 | -2.31e-8 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | 1.000773 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | - | 206 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 301.59 K | 171.6 K |
| Boiling Point | 944 K | 239.11 K |
| Critical Temperature | 1938 K | 416.9 K |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 2.09 kJ/mol | 3.2 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 65 kJ/mol | 10.2 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Cesium | Chlorine |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7440-46-2 | CAS7782-50-5 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSFK9225000 | RTECSFO2100000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.3 | - |
| DOT Numbers | 1407 | 1017 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
| NFPA Hazards | Water Reactive | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare Cesium and Chlorine With Other Elements
Compare Cesium and Chlorine with other elements of the periodic table. Explore howCesium and Chlorine stack up against other elements of the periodic table. Use our interactive comparison tool to analyze 90+ properties across different metals, non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases. Understanding these differences is crucial for applications in engineering, chemistry, electronics, biology, and material science.