H Hydrogen – Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends,Uses, Comparison with other elements

Hydrogen History

The element Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish in year 1766 in United Kingdom . Hydrogen derived its name from the Greek elements hydro- and -gen meaning 'water-forming'

Hydrogen Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Hydrogen in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

Crystal Structure of Hydrogen

The solid state structure of Hydrogen is Simple Hexagonal.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( x_i, y_i, z_i) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group Name	P63/mmc
Space Group Number	194
Crystal Structure	Simple Hexagonal

Hydrogen Atomic and Orbital Properties

Hydrogen atoms have 1 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [1] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) ²S_1/2.

Atomic Number	1
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	1
Number of Protons	1
Mass Number	1
Number of Neutrons	0
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	[1]
Electron Configuration	1s1
Valence Electrons	1s1
Oxidation State	-1 1
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	2S1/2

Shell Structure of Hydrogen - Electrons per energy level

n		s	p	d	f
1	K	1

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Hydrogen - neutral Hydrogen atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Hydrogen atom is 1s1. The portion of Hydrogen configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as 1s1]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 1s1, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Hydrogen

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Hydrogen atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s1

Atomic Structure of Hydrogen

Hydrogen atomic radius is 53 pm, while it's covalent radius is 37 pm.

Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen

Hydrogen Chemical Properties: Hydrogen Ionization Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of Hydrogen is 72.8 kJ/mol

Ionization Energy of Hydrogen

Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Hydrogen

Hydrogen Physical Properties

Refer to below table for Hydrogen Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness of Hydrogen - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Hydrogen Electrical Properties

Hydrogen is N/A of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Hydrogen

Hydrogen Heat and Conduction Properties

Hydrogen Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties of Hydrogen

Acoustic Properties of Hydrogen

Hydrogen Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Hydrogen

Enthalpies of Hydrogen

Hydrogen Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Hydrogen

Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally occurring Hydrogen has 2 stable isotope - 1H, 2H.

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Database Search

List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases