Ar Argon – Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends,Uses, Comparison with other elements

Argon History

The element Argon was discovered by Lord Rayleigh in year 1894 in United Kingdom . Argon derived its name from the Greek word argos, meaning 'idle'

Argon Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Argon in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

Crystal Structure of Argon

The solid state structure of Argon is Face Centered Cubic.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( x_i, y_i, z_i) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group Name	Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number	225
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Cubic

Argon Atomic and Orbital Properties

Argon atoms have 18 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 8] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) ¹S₀.

Atomic Number	18
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	18
Number of Protons	18
Mass Number	40
Number of Neutrons	22
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	[2, 8, 8]
Electron Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p6
Valence Electrons	3s2 3p6
Oxidation State
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	1S0

Shell Structure of Argon - Electrons per energy level

n		s	p	d	f
1	K	2
2	L	2	6
3	M	2	6

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Argon - neutral Argon atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Argon atom is [Ne] 3s2 3p6. The portion of Argon configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Ne]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 3s2 3p6, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Argon

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Argon atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Atomic Structure of Argon

Argon atomic radius is 71 pm, while it's covalent radius is 97 pm.

Atomic Spectrum of Argon

Argon Chemical Properties: Argon Ionization Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of Argon is 0 kJ/mol

Ionization Energy of Argon

Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Argon

Argon Physical Properties

Refer to below table for Argon Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness of Argon - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Argon Electrical Properties

Argon is N/A of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Argon

Argon Heat and Conduction Properties

Argon Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties of Argon

Acoustic Properties of Argon

Argon Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Argon

Enthalpies of Argon

Argon Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Argon

Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally occurring Argon has 3 stable isotope - 36Ar, 38Ar, 40Ar.

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Database Search

List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases