Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Selenium vs Boron
Compare Selenium and Boron
Compare Selenium and Boron on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Selenium vs Boron with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Se vs B on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more.
Facts
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Atomic Number | 34 | 5 |
Atomic Symbol | Se | B |
Atomic Weight | 78.96 | 10.811 |
Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
Color | Gray | Black |
Metallic Classification | Other Nonmetal | Metalloid |
Group in Periodic Table | group 16 | group 13 |
Group Name | oxygen family | boron family |
Period in Periodic Table | period 4 | period 2 |
Block in Periodic Table | p -block | p -block |
Electronic Configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 | [He] 2s2 2p1 |
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 6 | 2, 3 |
Melting Point | 494 K | 2348 K |
Boiling Point | 958 K | 4273 K |
CAS Number | CAS7782-49-2 | CAS7440-42-8 |
Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Selenium | Neighborhood Elements of Boron |
History
Name | Selenium | Boron |
History | The element Selenium was discovered by J. Berzelius and G. Gahn in year 1817 in Sweden. Selenium derived its name from the Greek selene, meaning 'moon'. | The element Boron was discovered by L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thénard in year 1808 in France and United Kingdom. Boron derived its name from borax, a mineral. |
Discovery | J. Berzelius and G. Gahn (1817) | L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thénard (1808) |
Isolated | J. Berzelius and G. Gahn (1817) | H. Davy (1808) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Abundance in Universe | 30 / 0.5 | 1 / 0.1 |
Abundance in Sun | - / - | 2 / 0.2 |
Abundance in Meteorites | 13000 / 2900 | 1600 / 3000 |
Abundance in Earth's Crust | 50 / 10 | 8700 / 17000 |
Abundance in Oceans | 0.45 / 0.035 | 4440 / 2500 |
Abundance in Humans | 50 / 4 | 700 / 410 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Atomic Volume | 16.385 cm3/mol | 4.3947 cm3/mol |
Atomic Radius | 103 pm | 87 pm |
Covalent Radius | 116 pm | 82 pm |
Van der Waals Radius | 190 pm | 192 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
Emission Spectrum | Not available | |
Absorption Spectrum | ||
Lattice Constant | 905.4, 908.3, 1160.1 pm | 506, 506, 506 pm |
Lattice Angle | π/2, 1.58493, π/2 | 1.01334, 1.01334, 1.01334 |
Space Group Name | P121/c1 | R_ 3m |
Space Group Number | 14 | 166 |
Crystal Structure | Simple Monoclinic | Simple Trigonal |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Atomic Number | 34 | 5 |
Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 34 | 5 |
Number of Protons | 34 | 5 |
Mass Number | 78.96 | 10.811 |
Number of Neutrons | 45 | 6 |
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 6 | 2, 3 |
Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 | [He] 2s2 2p1 |
Valence Electrons | 4s2 4p4 | 2s2 2p1 |
Oxidation State | -2, 2, 4, 6 | 3 |
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3P2 | 2P1/2 |
Shell structure |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Selenium has 5 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Boron has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Known Isotopes | 65Se, 66Se, 67Se, 68Se, 69Se, 70Se, 71Se, 72Se, 73Se, 74Se, 75Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se, 79Se, 80Se, 81Se, 82Se, 83Se, 84Se, 85Se, 86Se, 87Se, 88Se, 89Se, 90Se, 91Se, 92Se, 93Se, 94Se | 6B, 7B, 8B, 9B, 10B, 11B, 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B, 16B, 17B, 18B, 19B |
Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 74Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se, 80Se | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 10B, 11B |
Neutron Cross Section | 11.7 | 755 |
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0056 | 2.4 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Valence or Valency | 6 | 3 |
Electronegativity | 2.55 Pauling Scale | 2.04 Pauling Scale |
Electron Affinity | 195 kJ/mol | 26.7 kJ/mol |
Ionization Energies | 1st: 941 kJ/mol 2nd: 2045 kJ/mol 3rd: 2973.7 kJ/mol 4th: 4144 kJ/mol 5th: 6590 kJ/mol 6th: 7880 kJ/mol 7th: 14990 kJ/mol | 1st: 800.6 kJ/mol 2nd: 2427.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3659.7 kJ/mol 4th: 25025.8 kJ/mol 5th: 32826.7 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Density | 4.819 g/cm3 | 2.46 g/cm3 |
Molar Volume | 16.385 cm3/mol | 4.3947 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
Young Modulus | 10 | - |
Shear Modulus | 3.7 GPa | - |
Bulk Modulus | 8.3 GPa | 320 GPa |
Poisson Ratio | 0.33 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
Mohs Hardness | 2 MPa | 9.3 MPa |
Vickers Hardness | - | 49000 MPa |
Brinell Hardness | 736 MPa | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
Electrical Conductivity | - | 0.0001 S/m |
Resistivity | - | 10000 m Ω |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
Thermal Conductivity | 0.52 W/(m K) | 27 W/(m K) |
Thermal Expansion | - | 0.000006 /K |
Magnetic Properties | ||
Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Diamagnetic |
Curie Point | - | - |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -4e-9 m3/kg | -8.7e-9 m3/kg |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.16e-10 m3/mol | -9.41e-11 m3/mol |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000193 | -0.0000214 |
Optical Properties | ||
Refractive Index | 1.000895 | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
Speed of Sound | 3350 m/s | 16200 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Name | Selenium | Boron |
Melting Point | 494 K | 2348 K |
Boiling Point | 958 K | 4273 K |
Critical Temperature | 1766 K | - |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
Heat of Fusion | 5.4 kJ/mol | 50 kJ/mol |
Heat of Vaporization | 26 kJ/mol | 507 kJ/mol |
Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Name | Selenium | Boron |
CAS Number | CAS7782-49-2 | CAS7440-42-8 |
RTECS Number | {N/A, RTECSVS7700000, N/A} | RTECSED7350000 |
DOT Hazard Class | 6.1 | - |
DOT Numbers | 2658 | - |
EU Number | - | - |
NFPA Fire Rating | 0 | 3 |
NFPA Health Rating | 2 | 2 |
NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | 0 |
NFPA Hazards | - | - |
AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Selenium with all Group 16 elementsSelenium vs OxygenSelenium vs SulfurSelenium vs TelluriumSelenium vs PoloniumSelenium vs Livermorium Compare Selenium with all Period 4 elementsSelenium vs PotassiumSelenium vs CalciumSelenium vs ScandiumSelenium vs TitaniumSelenium vs VanadiumSelenium vs ChromiumSelenium vs ManganeseSelenium vs IronSelenium vs CobaltSelenium vs NickelSelenium vs CopperSelenium vs ZincSelenium vs GalliumSelenium vs GermaniumSelenium vs ArsenicSelenium vs BromineSelenium vs Krypton Compare Selenium with all Other Nonmetal elements | Compare Boron with all Group 13 elementsCompare Boron with all Period 2 elementsBoron vs LithiumBoron vs BerylliumBoron vs CarbonBoron vs NitrogenBoron vs OxygenBoron vs FluorineBoron vs Neon Compare Boron with all Metalloid elements |