Xe Xenon Element Information: Facts, Properties, Trends, Uses and comparison - Periodic Table of the Elements

Xenon is a chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas, that occurs in the Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts. Although generally unreactive, xenon can undergo a few chemical reactions such as the formation of xenon hexafluoroplatinate, the first noble gas compound to be synthesized.

Xenon Facts

Read key information and facts about element Xenon

Name	Xenon
Atomic Number	54
Atomic Symbol	Xe
Atomic Weight	131.293
Phase	Gas
Color	Colorless
Classification	noble gas
Group in Periodic Table	18
Group Name	helium family or neon family
Period in Periodic Table	5
Block in Periodic Table	p-block
Electronic Configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6
Melting Point	-111.8 °C
Boiling Point	-108 °C
Electronic Shell Structure	[2, 8, 18, 18, 8]
CAS Number	CAS7440-63-3

Neighborhood

Lanthanides

Actinide

How to Locate Xenon on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 54 to find Xenon on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Xenon on periodic table look for cross section of group 18 and period 5 in the modern periodic table.

Atomic & Orbital Properties

Chemical Properties

Isotopes

Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Databases

Compare Xenon with other elements

Xenon History

The element Xenon was discovered by William Ramsay in year 1898 in United Kingdom . Xenon derived its name from the Greek xenos, meaning 'strange'

Xenon Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Xenon in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

	Ppb by weight (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Abundance in Universe	1×10-6%
Abundance in Sun	N/A
Abundance in Meteorites	N/A
Abundance in Earth's Crust	2×10-9%
Abundance in Oceans	5×10-10%
Abundance in Humans	N/A

Crystal Structure of Xenon

The solid state structure of Xenon is Face Centered Cubic.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

a	b	c
620.23	620.23	620.23 pm

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

alpha	beta	gamma
π/2	π/2	π/2

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( x_i, y_i, z_i) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group Name	Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number	225
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Cubic

Xenon Atomic and Orbital Properties

Xenon atoms have 54 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 18, 8] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) ¹S₀.

Atomic Number	54
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	54
Number of Protons	54
Mass Number	131
Number of Neutrons	77
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	[2, 8, 18, 18, 8]
Electron Configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6
Valence Electrons	5s2 5p6
Oxidation State	2;4;6;8
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	¹S₀

Shell Structure of Xenon - Electrons per energy level

54 Xe Xenon - Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids

n		s	p	d
1	K	2
2	L	2	6
3	M	2	6	10
4	N	2	6	10
5	O	2	6

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Xenon - neutral Xenon atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Xenon atom is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6. The portion of Xenon configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Kr]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 4d10 5s2 5p6, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Xenon

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Xenon atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6

Atomic Structure of Xenon

Xenon atomic radius is 108 pm, while it's covalent radius is 130 pm.

Atomic Radius	108 pm (1.08 Å)
Atomic Volume	22.2530508475 cm³
Covalent Radius	130 pm (1.3 Å)
Van der Waals Radius	216 pm
Neutron Cross Section	25 σa/barns

Atomic Spectrum of Xenon

Atomic Spectrum of Xenon | SchoolMyKids

Xenon Chemical Properties: Xenon Ionization Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of Xenon is 0 kJ/mol

Valence	6
Electronegativity	2.6
ElectronAffinity	0 kJ/mol

Ionization Energy of Xenon

Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Xenon

Ionization energy number	Enthalpy - kJ/mol
1	1170.4
2	2046.4
3	3099.4

Xenon Physical Properties

Refer to below table for Xenon Physical Properties

Density	5.9 g/l
Molar Volume	22.2530508475 cm3

Elastic Properties

Young Modulus	N/A
Shear Modulus	N/A
Bulk Modulus	N/A
Poisson Ratio	N/A

Hardness of Xenon - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Mohs Hardness	N/A
Vickers Hardness	N/A
Brinell Hardness	N/A

Xenon Electrical Properties

Xenon is N/A of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Xenon

Electrical Conductivity	N/A
Resistivity	N/A
Superconducting Point	N/A

Xenon Heat and Conduction Properties

Thermal Conductivity	0.00565 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	N/A

Xenon Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Type	Diamagnetic
Curie Point	N/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility	-4.3×10-9
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility	-5.65×10-10
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility	-2.54×10-8

Optical Properties of Xenon

Refractive Index	1.000702

Acoustic Properties of Xenon

Speed of Sound	1090 m/s

Xenon Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Xenon

Melting Point	161.3 K (-111.8 °C)
Boiling Point	165.1 K (-108 °C)
Critical Temperature	289.77 K
Superconducting Point	N/A

Enthalpies of Xenon

Heat of Fusion	2.3 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization	12.64 kJ/mol
Heat of Combustion	N/A

Xenon Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Xenon

Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally occurring Xenon has 9 stable isotope - 124Xe, 126Xe, 128Xe, 129Xe, 130Xe, 131Xe, 132Xe, 134Xe, 136Xe.

Isotope	% Abundance	T half	Decay Mode
110Xe
111Xe
112Xe
113Xe
114Xe
115Xe
116Xe
117Xe
118Xe
119Xe
120Xe
121Xe
122Xe
123Xe
124Xe	0.09%	Stable	N/A
125Xe
126Xe	0.09%	Stable	N/A
127Xe
128Xe	1.92%	Stable	N/A
129Xe	26.44%	Stable	N/A
130Xe	4.08%	Stable	N/A
131Xe	21.18%	Stable	N/A
132Xe	26.89%	Stable	N/A
133Xe
134Xe	10.44%	Stable	N/A
135Xe
136Xe	8.87%	Stable	N/A
137Xe
138Xe
139Xe
140Xe
141Xe
142Xe
143Xe
144Xe
145Xe
146Xe
147Xe

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

CAS Number	CAS7440-63-3
RTECS Number	RTECSZE1280000
DOT Hazard Class	2.2
DOT Numbers	2591
EU Number	EU231-172-7
NFPA Fire Rating	N/A
NFPA Hazards	N/A
NFPA Health Rating	N/A
NFPA Reactivity Rating	N/A