Sr Strontium – Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends,Uses, Comparison with other elements

Strontium History

The element Strontium was discovered by William Cruickshank (chemist) in year 1790 in United Kingdom . Strontium derived its name from Strontian, a small town in Scotland

Strontium Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Strontium in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

Crystal Structure of Strontium

The solid state structure of Strontium is Face Centered Cubic.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( x_i, y_i, z_i) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group Name	Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number	225
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Cubic

Strontium Atomic and Orbital Properties

Strontium atoms have 38 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 8, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) ¹S₀.

Atomic Number	38
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	38
Number of Protons	38
Mass Number	88
Number of Neutrons	50
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	[2, 8, 18, 8, 2]
Electron Configuration	[Kr] 5s2
Valence Electrons	5s2
Oxidation State	1;2
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	1S0

Shell Structure of Strontium - Electrons per energy level

n		s	p	d	f
1	K	2
2	L	2	6
3	M	2	6	10
4	N	2	6
5	O	2

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Strontium - neutral Strontium atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Strontium atom is [Kr] 5s2. The portion of Strontium configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Kr]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 5s2, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Strontium

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Strontium atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s2

Atomic Structure of Strontium

Strontium atomic radius is 219 pm, while it's covalent radius is 192 pm.

Atomic Spectrum of Strontium

Strontium Chemical Properties: Strontium Ionization Energies and electron affinity

The electron affinity of Strontium is 5.03 kJ/mol

Ionization Energy of Strontium

Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Strontium

Strontium Physical Properties

Refer to below table for Strontium Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness of Strontium - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Strontium Electrical Properties

Strontium is Conductor of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Strontium

Strontium Heat and Conduction Properties

Strontium Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties of Strontium

Acoustic Properties of Strontium

Strontium Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Strontium

Enthalpies of Strontium

Strontium Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Strontium

Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally occurring Strontium has 4 stable isotope - 84Sr, 86Sr, 87Sr, 88Sr.

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Database Search

List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases