Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Thorium vs Californium
Compare Thorium and Californium
Compare Thorium and Californium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Thorium vs Californium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Th vs Cf on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more.
Facts
Name |
Atomic Number |
Atomic Symbol |
Atomic Weight |
Phase |
Color |
Classification |
Group in Periodic Table |
Group Name |
Period in Periodic Table |
Block in Periodic Table |
Electronic Configuration |
Melting Point |
Boiling Point |
Electronic Shell Structure |
CAS Number |
Neighborhood Elements |
Thorium |
90 |
Th |
232.0381 |
Solid |
Silver |
actinide |
N/A |
7 |
f |
[Rn] 6d2 7s2 |
1750 °C |
4820 °C |
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 |
CAS7440-29-1 |
Neighborhood Elements of Thorium |
Californium |
98 |
Cf |
251 |
Solid |
N/A |
actinide |
N/A |
7 |
f |
[Rn] 5f10 7s2 |
900 °C |
N/A |
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2 |
CAS7440-71-3 |
Neighborhood Elements of Californium |
History
History |
The element Thorium was discovered by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in year 1829 in Sweden. Thorium derived its name from from Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder |
The element Californium was discovered by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in year 1950 in United States. Californium derived its name derived its name from from California, where the element was first synthesized |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
4×10-8% |
3×10-8% |
3.9×10-6% |
6e-06 |
4×10-12% |
None |
N/A |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
Atomic Radius |
Atomic Volume |
Covalent Radius |
Van der Waals Radius |
Neutron Cross Section |
Atomic Spectrum |
Lattice Constant |
Lattice Angle |
Space Group Name |
Space Group Number |
Crystal Structure |
180 pm |
19.791717843739 cm3 |
N/A |
N/A |
7.4 |
![]() |
508.42, 508.42, 508.42 pm |
π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Fm_ 3m |
225 |
Face Centered Cubic ![]() |
N/A |
16.622516556291 cm3 |
N/A |
N/A |
2.9×103 |
![]() |
338, 338, 1102.5 pm |
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
P63/mmc |
194 |
Simple Hexagonal ![]() |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
Atomic Number |
Number of Electrons (with no charge) |
Number of Protons |
Mass Number |
Number of Neutrons |
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) |
Electron Configuration |
Valence Electrons |
Oxidation State |
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) |
Shell structure |
90 |
90 |
90 |
232.0381 |
142.0381 |
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 |
[Rn] 6d2 7s2 |
6d2 7s2 |
1;2;3;4 |
3F2 |
![]() |
98 |
98 |
98 |
251 |
153 |
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2 |
[Rn] 5f10 7s2 |
5f10 7s2 |
2;3;4 |
5I8 |
![]() |
Isotopes - Nuclear Properties
Isotopes |
Naturally occurring stable
isotopes: 232Th. |
Naturally occurring stable
isotopes: None. |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
4 |
1.3 |
N/A |
587, 1110, 1930, 2780 kJ/mol |
4 |
1.3 |
N/A |
608 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Density |
Molar Volume |
Elastic Properties |
Young Modulus |
Shear Modulus |
Bulk Modulus |
Poisson Ratio |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element |
Mohs Hardness |
Vickers Hardness |
Brinell Hardness |
Electrical Properties |
Electrical Conductivity |
Resistivity |
Superconducting Point |
Heat and Conduction Properties |
Thermal Conductivity |
Thermal Expansion |
Magnetic Properties |
Magnetic Type |
Curie Point |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility |
Optical Properties |
Refractive Index |
Acoustic Properties |
Speed of Sound |
11.724 g/cm3 |
19.791717843739 |
79 GPa |
31 GPa |
54 GPa |
0.27 |
3 MPa |
350 MPa |
400 MPa |
6.7×106 S/m |
1.5×10-7 m Ω |
1.38 |
54 W/(m K) |
0.000011 K-1 |
Paramagnetic |
N/A |
7.2×10-9 |
1.7×10-9 |
8.4e-05 |
N/A |
2490 m/s |
15.1 g/cm3 |
16.622516556291 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
1750 °C |
4820 °C |
N/A |
1.38 |
16 kJ/mol |
530 kJ/mol |
N/A |
900 °C |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
CAS Number |
RTECS Number |
DOT Hazard Class |
DOT Numbers |
EU Number |
NFPA Fire Rating |
NFPA Hazards |
NFPA Health Rating |
NFPA Reactivity Rating |
More |
AutoIgnition Point |
Flashpoint |
CAS7440-29-1 |
RTECSXO6400000 |
7 |
2975 |
EU231-139-7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
130 °C |
N/A |
CAS7440-71-3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |