Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Cadmium vs Sulfur
Compare Cadmium and Sulfur
Compare Cadmium and Sulfur on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Cadmium vs Sulfur with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Cd vs S on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more.
Facts
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Atomic Number | 48 | 16 |
Atomic Symbol | Cd | S |
Atomic Weight | 112.411 | 32.065 |
Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
Color | Silver | Yellow |
Metallic Classification | Transition Metal | Other Nonmetal |
Group in Periodic Table | group 12 | group 16 |
Group Name | zinc family | oxygen family |
Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 3 |
Block in Periodic Table | d -block | p -block |
Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 | [Ne] 3s2 3p4 |
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 | 2, 8, 6 |
Melting Point | 594.22 K | 388.36 K |
Boiling Point | 1040 K | 717.87 K |
CAS Number | CAS7440-43-9 | CAS7704-34-9 |
Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Cadmium | Neighborhood Elements of Sulfur |
History
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
History | The element Cadmium was discovered by S. L Hermann,F. Stromeyer, and J.C.H. Roloff in year 1817 in Germany. Cadmium derived its name from the New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos. | The element Sulfur was discovered by Chinese/Indians in year Before 2000 BCE. Sulfur derived its name from the Latin word sulphur, 'fire and brimstone'. |
Discovery | S. L Hermann,F. Stromeyer, and J.C.H. Roloff (1817) | Chinese/Indians (Before 2000 BCE) |
Isolated | S. L Hermann, F. Stromeyer, and J.C.H. Roloff (1817) | () |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Abundance in Universe | 2 / 0.02 | 500000 / 20000 |
Abundance in Sun | 6 / 0.07 | 400000 / 10000 |
Abundance in Meteorites | 450 / 60 | 41000000 / 22000000 |
Abundance in Earth's Crust | 150 / 30 | 420000 / 270000 |
Abundance in Oceans | 0.05 / 0.0028 | 928000 / 179000 |
Abundance in Humans | 700 / 39 | 2000000 / 390000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Atomic Volume | 12.995 cm3/mol | 15.53 cm3/mol |
Atomic Radius | 161 pm | 88 pm |
Covalent Radius | 148 pm | 102 pm |
Van der Waals Radius | 158 pm | 180 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
Emission Spectrum | ||
Absorption Spectrum | ||
Lattice Constant | 297.94, 297.94, 561.86 pm | 1043.7, 1284.5, 2436.9 pm |
Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Space Group Name | P63/mmc | Fddd |
Space Group Number | 194 | 70 |
Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal | Face Centered Orthorhombic |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Atomic Number | 48 | 16 |
Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 48 | 16 |
Number of Protons | 48 | 16 |
Mass Number | 112.411 | 32.065 |
Number of Neutrons | 64 | 16 |
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 | 2, 8, 6 |
Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 | [Ne] 3s2 3p4 |
Valence Electrons | 4d10 5s2 | 3s2 3p4 |
Oxidation State | 2 | -2, 2, 4, 6 |
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 1S0 | 3P2 |
Shell structure |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Cadmium has 6 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Sulfur has 4 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Known Isotopes | 95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 106Cd, 107Cd, 108Cd, 109Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 113Cd, 114Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd | 26S, 27S, 28S, 29S, 30S, 31S, 32S, 33S, 34S, 35S, 36S, 37S, 38S, 39S, 40S, 41S, 42S, 43S, 44S, 45S, 46S, 47S, 48S, 49S |
Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114Cd | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 32S, 33S, 34S, 36S |
Neutron Cross Section | 2450 | 0.52 |
Neutron Mass Absorption | 1.4 | 0.00055 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Valence or Valency | 2 | 6 |
Electronegativity | 1.69 Pauling Scale | 2.58 Pauling Scale |
Electron Affinity | 0 kJ/mol | 200 kJ/mol |
Ionization Energies | 1st: 867.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1631.4 kJ/mol 3rd: 3616 kJ/mol | 1st: 999.6 kJ/mol 2nd: 2252 kJ/mol 3rd: 3357 kJ/mol 4th: 4556 kJ/mol 5th: 7004.3 kJ/mol 6th: 8495.8 kJ/mol 7th: 27107 kJ/mol 8th: 31719 kJ/mol 9th: 36621 kJ/mol 10th: 43177 kJ/mol 11th: 48710 kJ/mol 12th: 54460 kJ/mol 13th: 62930 kJ/mol 14th: 68216 kJ/mol 15th: 311048 kJ/mol 16th: 337138 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Density | 8.65 g/cm3 | 1.96 g/cm3 |
Molar Volume | 12.995 cm3/mol | 15.53 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
Young Modulus | 50 | - |
Shear Modulus | 19 GPa | - |
Bulk Modulus | 42 GPa | 7.7 GPa |
Poisson Ratio | 0.3 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
Mohs Hardness | 2 MPa | 2 MPa |
Vickers Hardness | - | - |
Brinell Hardness | 203 MPa | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
Electrical Conductivity | 14000000 S/m | 1e-15 S/m |
Resistivity | 7e-8 m Ω | 1000000000000000 m Ω |
Superconducting Point | 0.517 | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
Thermal Conductivity | 97 W/(m K) | 0.205 W/(m K) |
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000308 /K | - |
Magnetic Properties | ||
Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Diamagnetic |
Curie Point | - | - |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -2.3e-9 m3/kg | -6.2e-9 m3/kg |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -2.59e-10 m3/mol | -1.99e-10 m3/mol |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000199 | -0.0000122 |
Optical Properties | ||
Refractive Index | - | 1.001111 |
Acoustic Properties | ||
Speed of Sound | 2310 m/s | - |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
Melting Point | 594.22 K | 388.36 K |
Boiling Point | 1040 K | 717.87 K |
Critical Temperature | - | 1314 K |
Superconducting Point | 0.517 | - |
Enthalpies | ||
Heat of Fusion | 6.3 kJ/mol | 1.73 kJ/mol |
Heat of Vaporization | 100 kJ/mol | 9.8 kJ/mol |
Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Name | Cadmium | Sulfur |
CAS Number | CAS7440-43-9 | CAS7704-34-9 |
RTECS Number | RTECSEU9800000 | {RTECSWS4250000, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} |
DOT Hazard Class | 6.1 | 4.1 |
DOT Numbers | 2570 | 1350 |
EU Number | - | - |
NFPA Fire Rating | 2 | - |
NFPA Health Rating | 2 | - |
NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | - |
NFPA Hazards | - | - |
AutoIgnition Point | 250 °C | - |
Flashpoint | - | - |