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Ho Holmium
Element Information, Facts, Properties, Trends, Uses, Comparison with other elements

67
Ho
Holmium
Element 67 of Periodic table is Holmium with atomic number 67, atomic weight 164.93032. Holmium, symbol Ho, has a Simple Hexagonal structure and Silver color. Holmium is a Lanthanide element. It is part of group null (). Know everything about Holmium Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.
67 Ho - Holmium | SchoolMyKids

Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67. Part of the Lanthanide series, holmium is a rare earth element. Holmium was discovered by Swedish chemist Per Theodor Cleve.

It belongs to group null of the periodic table having trivial name . You can also download Printable Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards for Holmium in a PDF format.

Holmium Facts

Read key information and facts about element Holmium

NameHolmium
Atomic Number67
Atomic SymbolHo
Atomic Weight164.93032
PhaseSolid
ColorSilver
Appearancesilvery white
ClassificationLanthanide
Natural OccurancePrimordial
Group in Periodic Table-
Group Name
Period in Periodic Tableperiod 6
Block in Periodic Tablef-block
Electronic Configuration[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
Melting Point1747 K
Boiling Point2973 K
CAS NumberCAS7440-60-0
Neighborhood Elements
123456789101112131415161718
1
1
H
Hydrogen
1.008

Atomic #

Electronic Shell #

Symbol
Name
Atomic Weight
HGas
HgLiquid
CSolid
Metals
Metalloids
NonMetals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Lanthanoids
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Other nonmetals
Halogens
Nobel gas
Actinoids
2
He
Helium
4.003
2
3
Li
Lithium
6.941
4
Be
Beryllium
9.012
5
B
Boron
10.811
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
8
O
Oxygen
15.999
9
F
Fluorine
18.998
10
Ne
Neon
20.180
3
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
13
Al
Aluminium
26.982
14
Si
Silicon
28.085
15
P
Phosphorus
30.974
16
S
Sulfur
32.065
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
4
19
K
Potassium
39.098
20
Ca
Calcium
40.078
21
Sc
Scandium
44.956
22
Ti
Titanium
47.867
23
V
Vanadium
50.941
24
Cr
Chromium
51.996
25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933
28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.409
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germanium
72.640
33
As
Arsenic
74.922
34
Se
Selenium
78.960
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
36
Kr
Krypton
83.798
5
37
Rb
Rubidium
85.468
38
Sr
Strontium
87.620
39
Y
Yttrium
88.906
40
Zr
Zirconium
91.224
41
Nb
Niobium
92.906
42
Mo
Molybdenum
95.940
43
Tc
Technetium
98
44
Ru
Ruthenium
101.070
45
Rh
Rhodium
102.906
46
Pd
Palladium
106.420
47
Ag
Silver
107.868
48
Cd
Cadmium
112.411
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
Antimony
121.760
52
Te
Tellurium
127.600
53
I
Iodine
126.904
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
6
55
Cs
Cesium
132.905
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
57 - 71
La - Lu
Lanthanides
72
Hf
Hafnium
178.490
73
Ta
Tantalum
180.948
74
W
Tungsten
183.840
75
Re
Rhenium
186.207
76
Os
Osmium
190.230
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
Platinum
195.078
79
Au
Gold
196.967
80
Hg
Mercury
200.590
81
Tl
Thallium
204.383
82
Pb
Lead
207.200
83
Bi
Bismuth
208.980
84
Po
Polonium
209
85
At
Astatine
210
86
Rn
Radon
222
7
87
Fr
Francium
223
88
Ra
Radium
226
89 - 103
Ac - Lr
Actinides
104
Rf
Rutherfordium
261
105
Db
Dubnium
262
106
Sg
Seaborgium
266
107
Bh
Bohrium
264
108
Hs
Hassium
269
109
Mt
Meitnerium
268
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
281
111
Rg
Roentgenium
272
112
Cn
Copernicium
285
113
Nh
Nihonium
284
114
Fl
Flerovium
289
115
Mc
Moscovium
288
116
Lv
Livermorium
292
117
Ts
Tennessine
294
118
Og
Oganesson
294
Lanthanides
57
La
Lanthanum
138.905
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.908
60
Nd
Neodymium
144.240
61
Pm
Promethium
145
62
Sm
Samarium
150.360
63
Eu
Europium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.250
65
Tb
Terbium
158.925
66
Dy
Dysprosium
162.500
67
Ho
Holmium
164.930
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.934
70
Yb
Ytterbium
173.040
71
Lu
Lutetium
174.967
Actinides
89
Ac
Actinium
227
90
Th
Thorium
232.038
91
Pa
Protactinium
231.036
92
U
Uranium
238.029
93
Np
Neptunium
237
94
Pu
Plutonium
244
95
Am
Americium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkelium
247
98
Cf
Californium
251
99
Es
Einsteinium
252
100
Fm
Fermium
257
101
Md
Mendelevium
258
102
No
Nobelium
259
103
Lr
Lawrencium
262

How to Locate Holmium on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 67 to find Holmium on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Holmium on periodic table look for cross section of group - and period 6 in the modern periodic table.

Holmium History

The element Holmium was discovered by J.-L. Soret in year 1878 in Switzerland. Holmium was first isolated by T. Cleve in 1879. Holmium derived its name from Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm.

Discovered By J.-L. Soret
Discovery Date 1878 in Switzerland
First Isolation 1879
Isolated by T. Cleve

Soret found it in samarskite and later, Per Teodor Cleve split Marignac's erbia into erbia proper and two new elements, thulium and holmium.

Holmium Uses

Holmium is used in the production of magnets as a flux concentrator. It is also used as a yellow or red color in cubic zirconia manufacturing

Holmium Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

The table below shows the abundance of Holmium in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth's Crust, Oceans and Human Body.

 ppb by weight (1ppb =10^-7 %)ppb by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Abundance in Universe0.50.004
Abundance in Sun--
Abundance in Meteorites607
Abundance in Earth's Crust1200150
Abundance in Oceans0.000220.000008
Abundance in Humans--

Crystal Structure of Holmium

The solid state structure of Holmium is Simple Hexagonal.

The Crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit Cell. The unit Cells repeats itself in three dimensional space to form the structure.

Unit Cell Parameters

The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)

abc
357.73 pm357.73 pm561.58 pm

and the angles between them Lattice Angles (alpha, beta and gamma).

alphabetagamma
π/2 π/2 2 π/3

The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured from a reference lattice point.

The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional space are described by the 230 space groups (219 distinct types, or 230 if chiral copies are considered distinct.

Space Group NameP63/mmc
Space Group Number194
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal
Number of atoms per unit cell
67 Ho Holmium - Crystal Structure | SchoolMyKids

The number of atoms per unit cell in a simple cubic, face-centered cubic and body-centred cubic are 1,4,2 respectively.

Holmium Atomic and Orbital Properties

Holmium atoms have 67 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 4I15/2.

Atomic Number67
Number of Electrons (with no charge)67
Number of Protons67
Mass Number165
Number of Neutrons98
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
Electron Configuration[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Valence Electrons4f11 6s2
Valence (Valency)3
Main Oxidation States3
Oxidation States0, 2, 3
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)4I15/2

Bohr Atomic Model of Holmium - Electrons per energy level

67 Ho Holmium Electron Shell Structure | SchoolMyKids
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Ground State Electronic Configuration of Holmium - neutral Holmium atom

Abbreviated electronic configuration of Holmium

The ground state abbreviated electronic configuration of Neutral Holmium atom is [Xe] 4f11 6s2. The portion of Holmium configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [Xe]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used. This is important as it is the Valence electrons 4f11 6s2, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Holmium

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Holmium atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f11 6s2

Electrons are filled in atomic orbitals as per the order determined by the Aufbau principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s Rule.

  • As per the Aufbau principle the electrons will occupy the orbitals having lower energies before occupying higher energy orbitals. According to this principle, electrons are filled in the following order: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p…
  • The Pauli exclusion principle states that a maximum of two electrons, each having opposite spins, can fit in an orbital.
  • Hund's rule states that every orbital in a given subshell is singly occupied by electrons before a second electron is filled in an orbital.
  • Electron configuration of Holmium
    Atomic Structure of Holmium

    Holmium atomic radius is 226 pm, while it's covalent radius is -.

    Atomic Radius Calculated

    226 pm(2.26 Å)

    Atomic Radius Empirical

    175 pm (1.75 Å)

    Atomic Volume18.753 cm3/mol
    Covalent Radius-
    Van der Waals Radius-
    Neutron Cross Section65
    Neutron Mass Absorption 0.015

    Spectral Lines of Holmium - Atomic Spectrum of Holmium

    A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from an excess or deficiency of photons in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules.

    Spectral lines are the result of interaction between a quantum system and a single photon. A spectral line may be observed either as an emission line or an absorption line.

    Spectral lines are highly atom-specific, and can be used to identify the chemical composition of any medium. Several elements, including helium, thallium, and caesium, were discovered by spectroscopic means. They are widely used to determine the physical conditions of stars and other celestial bodies that cannot be analyzed by other means.

    Emission spectrum of Holmium

    Emission Spectrum of Holmium | SchoolMyKids

    Absorption spectrum of Holmium

    Absorption Spectrum of Holmium | SchoolMyKids

    Holmium Chemical Properties: Holmium Ionization Energies and electron affinity

    The electron affinity of Holmium is 50 kJ/mol.

    Valence3
    Electronegativity1.23
    ElectronAffinity50 kJ/mol

    Ionization Energy of Holmium

    Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.in chemistry, this energy is expresed in kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol) or kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).

    Refer to table below for Ionization energies of Holmium

    Ionization energy numberEnthalpy - kJ/mol
    1st581
    2nd1140
    3rd2204
    4th4100

    Holmium Physical Properties

    Refer to below table for Holmium Physical Properties

    Density8.795 g/cm3(when liquid at m.p density is $8.34 g/cm3)
    Molar Volume18.753 cm3/mol

    Elastic Properties

    Young Modulus65
    Shear Modulus26 GPa
    Bulk Modulus 40 GPa
    Poisson Ratio0.23

    Hardness of Holmium - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

    Mohs Hardness-
    Vickers Hardness481 MPa
    Brinell Hardness746 MPa

    Holmium Electrical Properties

    Electrical resistivity measures element's electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current.The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm-metre (Ω⋅m). While Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity. It represents a element's ability to conduct electric current. The SI unit of electrical conductivity is siemens per metre (S/m).

    Holmium is a conductor of electricity. Refer to table below for the Electrical properties of Holmium

    Electrical conductors Conductor
    Electrical Conductivity1100000 S/m
    Resistivity9.4e-7 m Ω
    Superconducting Point-

    Holmium Heat and Conduction Properties

    Thermal Conductivity16 W/(m K)
    Thermal Expansion0.0000112 /K

    Holmium Magnetic Properties

    Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
    Curie Point20 K
    Mass Magnetic Susceptibility0.00000549 m3/kg
    Molar Magnetic Susceptibility9.05467e-7 m3/mol
    Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0482845

    Optical Properties of Holmium

    Refractive Index-

    Acoustic Properties of Holmium

    Speed of Sound2760 m/s

    Holmium Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

    Refer to table below for Thermal properties of Holmium

    Melting Point1747 K(1473.85 °C, 2684.930 °F)
    Boiling Point2973 K(2699.85 °C, 4891.730 °F)
    Critical Temperature-
    Superconducting Point-

    Enthalpies of Holmium

    Heat of Fusion17 kJ/mol
    Heat of Vaporization265 kJ/mol
    Heat of Combustion-

    Holmium Isotopes - Nuclear Properties of Holmium

    Holmium has 36 isotopes, with between 140 and 175 nucleons. Holmium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

    Isotopes of Holmium - Naturally occurring stable Isotopes: 165Ho.

    IsotopeZNIsotope Mass% AbundanceT halfDecay Mode
    140Ho6773140Synthetic
    141Ho6774141Synthetic
    142Ho6775142Synthetic
    143Ho6776143Synthetic
    144Ho6777144Synthetic
    145Ho6778145Synthetic
    146Ho6779146Synthetic
    147Ho6780147Synthetic
    148Ho6781148Synthetic
    149Ho6782149Synthetic
    150Ho6783150Synthetic
    151Ho6784151Synthetic
    152Ho6785152Synthetic
    153Ho6786153Synthetic
    154Ho6787154Synthetic
    155Ho6788155Synthetic
    156Ho6789156Synthetic
    157Ho6790157Synthetic
    158Ho6791158Synthetic
    159Ho6792159Synthetic
    160Ho6793160Synthetic
    161Ho6794161Synthetic
    162Ho6795162Synthetic
    163Ho6796163Synthetic
    164Ho6797164Synthetic
    165Ho6798165100%Stable
    166Ho6799166Synthetic
    167Ho67100167Synthetic
    168Ho67101168Synthetic
    169Ho67102169Synthetic
    170Ho67103170Synthetic
    171Ho67104171Synthetic
    172Ho67105172Synthetic
    173Ho67106173Synthetic
    174Ho67107174Synthetic
    175Ho67108175Synthetic

    Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

    The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) identifies hazard class of all dangerous elements/goods/commodities either by its class (or division) number or name. The DOT has divided these materials into nine different categories, known as Hazard Classes.

    Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives

    NFPA 704 is a Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response. NFPA is a standard maintained by the US based National Fire Protection Association.

    The health (blue), flammability (red), and reactivity (yellow) rating all use a numbering scale ranging from 0 to 4. A value of zero means that the element poses no hazard; a rating of four indicates extreme danger.

    Autoignition Point-
    Flashpoint-

    Database Search

    List of unique identifiers to search the element in various chemical registry databases

    DatabaseIdentifier number
    CAS Number - Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)CAS7440-60-0
    RTECS Number-
    CID Number CID23988
    Gmelin Number-
    NSC Number-

    Compare Holmium with other elements

    Compare Holmium with all Group elements

    Compare Holmium with all Period 6 elements

    Compare Holmium with all Lanthanide elements

    FAQs

    What is the electronic configuration of Holmium?

    The electronic configuration of Holmium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f11 6s2.

    What is the abbreviated electronic configuration of Holmium?

    The abbreviated electronic configuration of Holmium is [Xe] 4f11 6s2. To form abbreviated notation of electronic configuration, the completely filled subshells are replaced by the noble gas of the preceding period in square brackets.

    What is the symbol of Holmium?

    Symbol of Holmium is Ho. Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67.

    What is the position of Holmium in the Periodic Table?

    Holmium is a chemical element with the symbol Ho and atomic number 67. Holmium is the 67 element on the periodic table. It is located in group null and period 6 in the modern periodic table.

    What is the atomic number of Holmium?

    The atomic number of Holmium is 67.

    What is the color of Holmium?

    Holmium is of Silver color.

    Who discovered Holmium?

    The element Holmium was discovered by J.-L. Soret in year 1878 in Switzerland. Holmium was first isolated by T. Cleve in 1879.

    How many valence electrons does a Holmium atom have?

    Holmium has 3 valence electrons. Holmium has 67 electrons out of which 3 valence electrons are present in the 4f11 6s2 outer orbitals of atom.

    What is the melting Point of Holmium?

    Melting Point of Holmium is 1747 K.

    What is the boiling Point of Holmium?

    Boiling Point of Holmium is 2973 K.

    What is the melting Point of Holmium in Kelvin?

    Melting Point of Holmium in Kelvin is 1747 K.

    What is the boiling Point of Holmium in Kelvin?

    Boiling Point of Holmium in Kelvin is 2973 K.

    What is the melting Point of Holmium in Celsius?

    Melting Point of Holmium in Celsius is 1473.85 °C.

    What is the boiling Point of Holmium in Celsius?

    Boiling Point of Holmium in Celsius is 2699.85 °C.

    What is the melting Point of Holmium in Fahrenheit?

    Melting Point of Holmium in Fahrenheit is 2684.93 °F.

    What is the boiling Point of Holmium in Fahrenheit?

    Boiling Point of Holmium in Fahrenheit is 4891.73 °F.

    What is the electronic configuration of Holmium 67?

    The electronic configuration of Holmium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f11 6s2.

    How do you write the electron configuration for Holmium?

    The electronic configuration of Holmium will be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f11 6s2.